Gastrointestinal Tract - Intestine Development - Revision history

Z8600021 at 02:08, 26 Mayıs 2020

2020-05-26T02:08:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:08, 26 Mayıs 2020
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	Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ileum+Development ''Ileum Development'']		Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ileum+Development ''Ileum Development'']

	==Large Intestine==		==Large Intestine==
	[[File:Gray0987b.jpg\|thumb\|Development of the large intestine and its mesentery]]		[[File:Gray0987b.jpg\|thumb\|Development of the large intestine and its mesentery]]
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	File:Frazer1915 fig17.jpg\|17 left abdomen		File:Frazer1915 fig17.jpg\|17 left abdomen
	File:Frazer1915 fig18.jpg\|18 colon at different periods		File:Frazer1915 fig18.jpg\|18 colon at different periods
			</gallery>

			{{Ref-Cave1936}}
			<gallery>
			File:Cave1936 fig01.jpg\|Primary and Secondary congenital absence of vermiform appendix
			File:Cave1936 fig01.jpg\|Appendix vermiformis duplex
			File:Cave1936 fig03.jpg\|"transient appendix"
			File:Cave1936 fig03.jpg\|Duplicity of ileum, caecum and appendix
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Z8600021 at 00:24, 26 Mayıs 2020

2020-05-26T00:24:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:24, 26 Mayıs 2020
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	[[File:Gray0986.jpg\|thumb\|midgut herniation]]		[[File:Gray0986.jpg\|thumb\|midgut herniation]]
	[[File:Intestine villi crypts cartoon.jpg\|alt=Intestinal villi and crypts\|thumb\|Intestinal villi and crypts]]		[[File:Intestine villi crypts cartoon.jpg\|alt=Intestinal villi and crypts\|thumb\|Intestinal villi and crypts]]
	The part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) lying between the stomach and anus, is described as the {{intestine}} or '''bowel'''. This region is further divided anatomically and functionally into the small intestine or bowel (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) and large intestine or bowel (cecum and colon). Initially development concerns the midgut region, connected to the yolk sac, and the hindgut region, ending at the cloacal membrane. This is followed by two mechanical processes of elongation and rotation. Elongation, growth in length, leaves the midgut "herniated" at the umbilicus and external to the abdomen. Rotation, around a mesentery axis, establishes the anatomical position of the large intestine within the peritoneal space.		The part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) lying between the stomach and anus, is described as the {{intestine}} or '''bowel'''. This region is further divided anatomically and functionally into the small intestine or bowel ({{duodenum}}, {{jejunum}} and {{ileum}}) and large intestine or bowel ({{cecum}} and {{colon}}). Initially development concerns the midgut region, connected to the yolk sac, and the hindgut region, ending at the cloacal membrane. This is followed by two mechanical processes of elongation and rotation. Elongation, growth in length, leaves the midgut "herniated" at the umbilicus and external to the abdomen. Rotation, around a mesentery axis, establishes the anatomical position of the large intestine within the peritoneal space.

	Migration of {{neural crest}} cells into the wall establishes the enteric nervous system, which has a role in peristalsis and secretion. Prenatally, secretions also accumulate in this region and are the first postnatal bowel movement, the meconium.		Migration of {{neural crest}} cells into the wall establishes the enteric nervous system, which has a role in peristalsis and secretion. Prenatally, secretions also accumulate in this region and are the first postnatal bowel movement, the {{meconium}}.

	The small intestine grows in length rapidly in the last trimester, at birth it is about half the eventual adult length (More? [[#Small_Intestine_Length\|Small Intestine Length]]). Like most of the gut, this region is not "functional" until after birth, when development continues by populating the large intestine with commensal bacteria and the establishment of the immune structure in the wall.		The small intestine grows in length rapidly in the last trimester, at birth it is about half the eventual adult length (More? [[#Small_Intestine_Length\|Small Intestine Length]]). Like most of the gut, this region is not "functional" until after birth, when development continues by populating the large intestine with commensal bacteria and the establishment of the immune structure in the wall.

Z8600021 at 00:23, 26 Mayıs 2020

2020-05-26T00:23:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:23, 26 Mayıs 2020
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	[[File:Gray0987b.jpg\|thumb\|Development of the large intestine and its mesentery]]		[[File:Gray0987b.jpg\|thumb\|Development of the large intestine and its mesentery]]
	[[File:Gray0615.jpg\|thumb\|Lymphatics of Cecum and Vermiform Process]]		[[File:Gray0615.jpg\|thumb\|Lymphatics of Cecum and Vermiform Process]]
	Large intestine or bowel is where water is absorbed from the indigestible food residue and where the majority of the enteric microbiota reside. Before birth the intestine is sterile, after birth the microbiota is established from the mother. Later postnatally by diet, lifestyle and antibiotic exposure.		Large intestine or bowel is where water is absorbed from the indigestible food residue and where the majority of the enteric microbiota reside. Before birth the intestine is sterile, after birth the microbiota is established from the mother. Later postnatally by diet, lifestyle and antibiotic exposure. The large intestine bacteria is mainly anaerobic, compared to the aerobic found in other regions.

	===Cecum===		===Cecum===

Z8600021 at 00:21, 26 Mayıs 2020

2020-05-26T00:21:10Z

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	===Jejunum===		===Jejunum===
	[[File:Jejunum and ileum cartoon.jpg\|thumb\|alt=Jejunum and ileum\|Jejunum and ileum]]		[[File:Jejunum and ileum cartoon.jpg\|thumb\|alt=Jejunum and ileum\|Jejunum and ileum]]

			The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum. A recent study has shown that the postnatal jejunal lumen contains a distinctive bacterial population (facultative anaerobes and oxygen-tolerant obligate anaerobes) similar to those found in the oral cavity though with additional enterobacteriaceae (Gram-negative bacteria).{{#pmid:28716079\|PMID 28716079}}


	Adult jejunum histology		Adult jejunum histology
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	:Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Large+Intestine+Development ''Large Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Cecum+Intestine+Development ''Cecum Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Vermiform+appendix+Intestine+Development ''Vermiform appendix Intestine Development''] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Colon+Development ''Colon Development''] \|		:Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Large+Intestine+Development ''Large Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Cecum+Intestine+Development ''Cecum Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Vermiform+appendix+Intestine+Development ''Vermiform appendix Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Colon+Development ''Colon Development''] \|

Z8600021 at 00:15, 26 Mayıs 2020

2020-05-26T00:15:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:15, 26 Mayıs 2020
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	Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Large+Intestine+Development ''Large Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Cecum+Intestine+Development ''Cecum Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Vermiform+appendix+Intestine+Development ''Vermiform appendix Intestine Development''] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Colon~~+Intestine~~+Development ''Colon ~~Intestine~~ Development''] \|		:Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Large+Intestine+Development ''Large Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Cecum+Intestine+Development ''Cecum Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Vermiform+appendix+Intestine+Development ''Vermiform appendix Intestine Development''] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Colon+Development ''Colon Development''] \|

Z8600021 at 00:10, 26 Mayıs 2020

2020-05-26T00:10:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:10, 26 Mayıs 2020
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	Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ileum+Development ''Ileum Development'']		Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ileum+Development ''Ileum Development'']
	==Large Intestine==		==Large Intestine==
			[[File:Gray0987b.jpg\|thumb\|Development of the large intestine and its mesentery]]
	[[File:Gray0615.jpg\|thumb\|Lymphatics of Cecum and Vermiform Process]]		[[File:Gray0615.jpg\|thumb\|Lymphatics of Cecum and Vermiform Process]]
	Large intestine or bowel is where water is absorbed from the indigestible food residue and where the majority of the enteric microbiota reside. Before birth the intestine is sterile, after birth the microbiota is established from the mother. Later postnatally by diet, lifestyle and antibiotic exposure.		Large intestine or bowel is where water is absorbed from the indigestible food residue and where the majority of the enteric microbiota reside. Before birth the intestine is sterile, after birth the microbiota is established from the mother. Later postnatally by diet, lifestyle and antibiotic exposure.

Z8600021 at 00:08, 26 Mayıs 2020

2020-05-26T00:08:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:08, 26 Mayıs 2020
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	Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ileum+Development ''Ileum Development'']		Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ileum+Development ''Ileum Development'']
	==Large Intestine==		==Large Intestine==
			[[File:Gray0615.jpg\|thumb\|Lymphatics of Cecum and Vermiform Process]]
			Large intestine or bowel is where water is absorbed from the indigestible food residue and where the majority of the enteric microbiota reside. Before birth the intestine is sterile, after birth the microbiota is established from the mother. Later postnatally by diet, lifestyle and antibiotic exposure.

	~~Large intestine or bowel is where water is absorbed from the indigestible food residue and where~~ the ~~majority~~ of the ~~enteric microbiota reside. Before birth the~~ intestine is sterile, after birth the microbiota is established from the mother. Later postnatally by diet, lifestyle and antibiotic exposure. The vermiform appendix is a highly immune structure and can act as a "microbiota reservoir" during antibiotic and other treatment.		===Cecum===
			(Latin, ''caecum'') forms the beginning of the large intestine.

	~~Large intestine Parts~~		===Vermiform Appendix===
	~~# Cecum (caecum)~~		("appendix", adult 2 to 20 cm length) The vermiform appendix is a highly immune structure and can act as a "microbiota reservoir" during antibiotic and other treatment.
	~~# Vermiform appendix~~ ("appendix", adult 2 to 20 cm length)
	# Colon		===Colon===
	## Ascending colon (adult 25 cm length)		Anatomical Parts
	## Transverse colon		# Ascending colon (adult 25 cm length)
	## Descending colon		# Transverse colon
	## Sigmoid colon		# Descending colon
			# Sigmoid colon

Z8600021 at 00:04, 26 Mayıs 2020

2020-05-26T00:04:02Z

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	\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}		\| [[File:Mark_Hill.jpg\|90px\|left]] {{Most_Recent_Refs}}

	Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Intestine+Embryology ''Intestine Embryology''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Intestine+Development ''Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Duodenum+Development ''Duodenum Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Jejunum+Development ''Jejunum Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ileum+Development ''Ileum Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Appendix+Development ''Appendix Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Colon+Development ''Colon Development'']		Search term: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Intestine+Embryology ''Intestine Embryology''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Intestine+Development ''Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Small+Intestine+Development ''Small Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Large+Intestine+Development ''Large Intestine Development''] \|[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Duodenum+Development ''Duodenum Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Jejunum+Development ''Jejunum Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Ileum+Development ''Ileum Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Appendix+Development ''Appendix Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Colon+Development ''Colon Development'']
	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"		{\| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
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	==Large Intestine==		==Large Intestine==

	Large intestine or bowel		Large intestine or bowel is where water is absorbed from the indigestible food residue and where the majority of the enteric microbiota reside. Before birth the intestine is sterile, after birth the microbiota is established from the mother. Later postnatally by diet, lifestyle and antibiotic exposure. The vermiform appendix is a highly immune structure and can act as a "microbiota reservoir" during antibiotic and other treatment.

	* Cecum (caecum)		Large intestine Parts
	** Vermiform appendix ("appendix", adult 2 to 20 cm length)		# Cecum (caecum)
	* Colon		# Vermiform appendix ("appendix", adult 2 to 20 cm length)
	** Ascending colon (adult 25 cm length)		# Colon
	** Transverse colon		## Ascending colon (adult 25 cm length)
	** Descending colon		## Transverse colon
	** Sigmoid colon		## Descending colon
			## Sigmoid colon

	===Intestinal Functions===

			Search PubMed: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Large+Intestine+Development ''Large Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Cecum+Intestine+Development ''Cecum Intestine Development''] \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Vermiform+appendix+Intestine+Development ''Vermiform appendix Intestine Development''] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Colon+Intestine+Development ''Colon Intestine Development''] \|


			==Intestinal Functions==
	Small Intestine		Small Intestine
	*absorption of nutrients and minerals found in food		*absorption of nutrients and minerals found in food
	* Duodenum -principal site for iron absorption		* Duodenum - principal site for iron absorption

	Cecum		Cecum

Z8600021 at 22:24, 19 Mayıs 2020

2020-05-19T22:24:39Z

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 ==Small Intestine Length==
 Small intestine growth in length is initially linear (first half pregnancy to 32 cm CRL), followed by rapid growth in the last 15 weeks doubling the overall length. Growth continues postnatally but after 1 year slows again to a linear increase to adulthood.{{#pmid:1752463|PMID1752463}}
-Table data based upon 8 published reports of necropsy measurement of 1010 guts.{{#pmid:1752463|PMID1752463}}
+{{Postnatal mall Intestine Length table}}
 ==Appendix==
 [[File:Keith1902 fig225a.jpg|thumb|Appendix (2nd month of fetal life)<ref name=Keith1902>{{Ref-Keith1902}}</ref>]]

Z8600021 at 18:14, 11 Mayıs 2020

2020-05-11T18:14:24Z

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	===Reviews===		===Reviews===
			{{#pmid:32319546}}

	{{#pmid:28161556}}		{{#pmid:28161556}}