File:Placenta spiral artery conversion.jpg - Revision history

Z8600021: /* Reference */

2019-07-18T03:36:57Z

Reference

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:36, 18 July 2019
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	===Reference===		===Reference===

	~~<pubmed>~~19375795~~</pubmed>\| [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2697319 PMC2697319]~~		{{#pmid:19375795}}

	~~Placenta. 2009 June; 30(6): 473–482. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.02.009.~~

	====Copyright====		====Copyright====

	© 2009 Elsevier Ltd. “This is an unofficial translation of an article that appeared in an Elsevier publication. Elsevier has not endorsed this translation.”		© 2009 Elsevier Ltd. “This is an unofficial translation of an article that appeared in an Elsevier publication. Elsevier has not endorsed this translation.”

			Placenta. 2009 June; 30(6): 473–482. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.02.009.

	http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/supplementalterms1.0		http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/supplementalterms1.0
			{{Footer}}
	[[Category:Placenta]] [[Category:Cardiovascular]] [[Category:Cartoon]]		[[Category:Placenta]] [[Category:Cardiovascular]] [[Category:Cartoon]]

Z8600021: /* Placenta Spiral Artery Conversion */

2013-05-18T12:28:31Z

Placenta Spiral Artery Conversion

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:28, 18 Mayıs 2013
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	==Placenta Spiral Artery Conversion==		==Placenta Spiral Artery Conversion==
			Effects of spiral artery conversion on the inflow of maternal blood into the intervillous space and on lobule architecture predicted by modelling. (not to scale)

	~~Diagrammatic representation (not to scale)~~ of the ~~effects~~ of ~~spiral artery conversion on~~ the ~~inflow of maternal~~ blood into the ~~intervillous space and on~~ lobule ~~architecture predicted by modelling~~.		Dilation of the distal segment in normal pregnancies will reduce the velocity of incoming blood, and the residual momentum will carry the blood into the central cavity (CC) of the lobule, from where it will disperse evenly through the villous tree.

	Dilation of the distal segment in normal pregnancies will reduce the velocity of incoming blood, and the residual momentum will carry the blood into the central cavity (CC) of the lobule, from where it will disperse evenly through the villous tree. Transit time to the uterine vein is estimated to be in the order of 25–30 s, allowing adequate time for oxygen exchange.		Transit time to the uterine vein is estimated to be in the order of 25–30 s, allowing adequate time for oxygen exchange.

	The pressure of the maternal blood, indicated in mmHg by the figures in blue, will drop across the non-dilated segment of the spiral artery, the dimensions of which are given alongside.		The pressure of the maternal blood, indicated in mmHg by the figures in blue, will drop across the non-dilated segment of the spiral artery, the dimensions of which are given alongside.

Z8600021 at 06:17, 11 Mayıs 2013

2013-05-11T06:17:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:17, 11 Mayıs 2013
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	Placenta. 2009 June; 30(6): 473–482. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.02.009.		Placenta. 2009 June; 30(6): 473–482. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.02.009.

	Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. “This is an unofficial translation of an article that appeared in an Elsevier publication. Elsevier has not endorsed this translation.”		====Copyright====

			© 2009 Elsevier Ltd. “This is an unofficial translation of an article that appeared in an Elsevier publication. Elsevier has not endorsed this translation.”

	http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/supplementalterms1.0		http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/supplementalterms1.0

	[[Category:Placenta]] [[Category:Cardiovascular]] [[Category:Cartoon]]		[[Category:Placenta]] [[Category:Cardiovascular]] [[Category:Cartoon]]

S8600021: /* Placenta Spiral Artery Conversion */

2011-08-14T05:41:24Z

Placenta Spiral Artery Conversion

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:41, 14 August 2011
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	:'''Links:''' [[:File:Uterine_and_placental_vasculature.jpg\|Figure - Uterine and placental vasculature]] \| [[:File:Placenta_spiral_artery_conversion.jpg\|Figure - Placenta spiral artery conversion]]		:'''Links:''' [[:File:Uterine_and_placental_vasculature.jpg\|Figure - Uterine and placental vasculature]] \| [[:File:Placenta_spiral_artery_conversion.jpg\|Figure - Placenta spiral artery conversion]] \| [[Placenta Development]]

S8600021 at 05:40, 14 August 2011

2011-08-14T05:40:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:40, 14 August 2011
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	===Legend===		===Legend===

	'''CC''' - central cavity of the lobule		* '''CC''' - central cavity of the lobule
			* '''ECL''' - echogenic cystic lesions
			* '''SMC''' - smooth muscle cells

	~~'''ECL''' - echogenic cystic lesions~~

	~~'''SMC''' - smooth muscle cells~~		:'''Links:''' [[:File:Uterine_and_placental_vasculature.jpg\|Figure - Uterine and placental vasculature]] \| [[:File:Placenta_spiral_artery_conversion.jpg\|Figure - Placenta spiral artery conversion]]

	'''Links:''' [[:File:Uterine_and_placental_vasculature.jpg\|Figure - Uterine and placental vasculature]]

S8600021 at 08:22, 30 August 2010

2010-08-30T08:22:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:22, 30 August 2010
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	In pathological pregnancies, where no or very limited conversion occurs, the maternal blood will enter the intervillous space at speeds of 1–2 m/s. The high Reynolds number predicts turbulent flow, indicated by the circular arrows. We suggest that the high momentum ruptures anchoring villi (asterisked) and displaces others to form echogenic cystic lesions (ECL) lined by thrombus (brown). The transit time will be reduced, so that oxygen exchange is impaired and blood leaves in the uterine vein with a higher oxygen concentration than normal. Trophoblastic microparticulate debris (dotted) may be dislodged from the villous surface, leading to maternal endothelial cell activation. Finally, the retention of smooth muscle cells (SMC) around the spiral artery will increase the risk of spontaneous vasoconstriction and ischaemia–reperfusion injury.		In pathological pregnancies, where no or very limited conversion occurs, the maternal blood will enter the intervillous space at speeds of 1–2 m/s. The high Reynolds number predicts turbulent flow, indicated by the circular arrows. We suggest that the high momentum ruptures anchoring villi (asterisked) and displaces others to form echogenic cystic lesions (ECL) lined by thrombus (brown). The transit time will be reduced, so that oxygen exchange is impaired and blood leaves in the uterine vein with a higher oxygen concentration than normal. Trophoblastic microparticulate debris (dotted) may be dislodged from the villous surface, leading to maternal endothelial cell activation. Finally, the retention of smooth muscle cells (SMC) around the spiral artery will increase the risk of spontaneous vasoconstriction and ischaemia–reperfusion injury.

			===Legend===

			'''CC''' - central cavity of the lobule

	'''ECL''' - echogenic cystic lesions		'''ECL''' - echogenic cystic lesions

S8600021 at 08:20, 30 August 2010

2010-08-30T08:20:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:20, 30 August 2010
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			==Placenta Spiral Artery Conversion==

	Diagrammatic representation (not to scale) of the effects of spiral artery conversion on the inflow of maternal blood into the intervillous space and on lobule architecture predicted by modelling.		Diagrammatic representation (not to scale) of the effects of spiral artery conversion on the inflow of maternal blood into the intervillous space and on lobule architecture predicted by modelling.

S8600021 at 22:56, 15 August 2010

2010-08-15T22:56:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:56, 16 August 2010
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	'''SMC''' - smooth muscle cells		'''SMC''' - smooth muscle cells

	~~Rheological~~ and ~~Physiological Consequences of Conversion of the Maternal Spiral Arteries for Uteroplacental Blood Flow during Human Pregnancy G~~.J. ~~Burton, A~~.W. ~~Woods, E. Jauniaux, and J.C.P. Kingdom~~ Placenta. 2009 June; 30(6): 473–482. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.02.009. ~~[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2697319 PMCID: PMC2697319]~~		'''Links:''' [[:File:Uterine_and_placental_vasculature.jpg\|Figure - Uterine and placental vasculature]]


			===Reference===

			<pubmed>19375795</pubmed>\| [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2697319 PMC2697319]

			Placenta. 2009 June; 30(6): 473–482. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.02.009.

	~~Placenta. 2009 June; 30(6): 473–482.~~
	~~doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.02.009.~~
	Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. “This is an unofficial translation of an article that appeared in an Elsevier publication. Elsevier has not endorsed this translation.”		Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. “This is an unofficial translation of an article that appeared in an Elsevier publication. Elsevier has not endorsed this translation.”

	http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/supplementalterms1.0		http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/supplementalterms1.0

	[[Category:Placenta]] [[Category:Cartoon]]		[[Category:Placenta]] [[Category:Cardiovascular]] [[Category:Cartoon]]

S8600021 at 10:35, 9 Mayıs 2010

2010-05-09T10:35:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:35, 9 Mayıs 2010
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	http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/supplementalterms1.0		http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/supplementalterms1.0

	[[Category:Placenta]]		[[Category:Placenta]] [[Category:Cartoon]]

S8600021 at 00:29, 16 August 2009

2009-08-16T00:29:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:29, 16 August 2009
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	In pathological pregnancies, where no or very limited conversion occurs, the maternal blood will enter the intervillous space at speeds of 1–2 m/s. The high Reynolds number predicts turbulent flow, indicated by the circular arrows. We suggest that the high momentum ruptures anchoring villi (asterisked) and displaces others to form echogenic cystic lesions (ECL) lined by thrombus (brown). The transit time will be reduced, so that oxygen exchange is impaired and blood leaves in the uterine vein with a higher oxygen concentration than normal. Trophoblastic microparticulate debris (dotted) may be dislodged from the villous surface, leading to maternal endothelial cell activation. Finally, the retention of smooth muscle cells (SMC) around the spiral artery will increase the risk of spontaneous vasoconstriction and ischaemia–reperfusion injury.		In pathological pregnancies, where no or very limited conversion occurs, the maternal blood will enter the intervillous space at speeds of 1–2 m/s. The high Reynolds number predicts turbulent flow, indicated by the circular arrows. We suggest that the high momentum ruptures anchoring villi (asterisked) and displaces others to form echogenic cystic lesions (ECL) lined by thrombus (brown). The transit time will be reduced, so that oxygen exchange is impaired and blood leaves in the uterine vein with a higher oxygen concentration than normal. Trophoblastic microparticulate debris (dotted) may be dislodged from the villous surface, leading to maternal endothelial cell activation. Finally, the retention of smooth muscle cells (SMC) around the spiral artery will increase the risk of spontaneous vasoconstriction and ischaemia–reperfusion injury.

			'''ECL''' - echogenic cystic lesions

			'''SMC''' - smooth muscle cells

	Rheological and Physiological Consequences of Conversion of the Maternal Spiral Arteries for Uteroplacental Blood Flow during Human Pregnancy G.J. Burton, A.W. Woods, E. Jauniaux, and J.C.P. Kingdom Placenta. 2009 June; 30(6): 473–482. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.02.009. [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2697319 PMCID: PMC2697319]		Rheological and Physiological Consequences of Conversion of the Maternal Spiral Arteries for Uteroplacental Blood Flow during Human Pregnancy G.J. Burton, A.W. Woods, E. Jauniaux, and J.C.P. Kingdom Placenta. 2009 June; 30(6): 473–482. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.02.009. [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2697319 PMCID: PMC2697319]