Z8600021: /* Lymphatic Vessels */

2017-11-29T06:33:34Z

Lymphatic Vessels

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Z8600021 at 23:51, 15 August 2016

2016-08-15T23:51:29Z

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Z8600021: /* Vascular Tissue */

2015-02-18T03:10:21Z

Vascular Tissue

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Z8600021: /* Structure of Nerve Tissue */

2015-02-18T02:57:48Z

Structure of Nerve Tissue

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Z8600021: /* The Cerebral Nerves */

2015-02-18T02:43:58Z

The Cerebral Nerves

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:43, 18 February 2015
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	===The Cerebral Nerves===		===The Cerebral Nerves===
	The nerves connected with the brain are not a series of similar structures like the spinal		The nerves connected with the brain are not a series of similar structures like the spinal nerves. Four of them possess only ventral motor roots. Four others have dorsal sensory roots provided with ganglia, and Iateral motor roots. Lateral roots emerge just ventral to, or beneath the dorsal roots. Their fibers are the neuraxons of cells, the bodies of which remain within the central nervous system. Lateral root fibers occur as far down the cord as the sixth cervical ganglion. Instead of entering the corresponding cervical nerves, however, these fibers unite to form a bundle which passes along just outside of the spinal cord, through the foramen magnum into the skull where it becomes the accessory portion of the vagus nerve. Below the sixth cervical ganglion the lateral root elements have not been demonstrated. (It has been suggested that they pass out in the dorsal roots, and that they form parts of the ventral roots.)
	nerves. Four of them possess only ventral motor roots. Four others have
	dorsal sensory roots provided with ganglia, and ~~IcUeral m^tor~~ roots. Lateral
	roots emerge just ventral to, or beneath the dorsal roots. Their fibers are
	the neuraxons of cells, the bodies of which remain within the central nervous system. Lateral root fibers occur as far down the cord as the sixth
	cervical ganglion. Instead of entering the corresponding cervical nerves,
	however, these fibers unite to form a bundle which passes along just outside
	of the spinal cord, through the foramen magnum into the skull where it
	becomes the accessory portion of the vagus nerve. Below the sixth cervical
	ganglion the lateral root elements have not been demonstrated. (It has
	been suggested that they pass out in the dorsal roots, and that they form
	parts of the ventral roots.)


			Fig. 112. Diagram of the sympathetic system in its relation to the intestine. int.; A., aorta; tp. g.. spinal ganglion ; w. r., white ramus ; g. t., ganglion of the sympathetic trunk; tpl., splanchnic nerve; coe.g., coeliac ganglion ; my. pi., myenteric plexus; sbm. pi., submucous plexus.
	Fig. ~~iia~~.
	Diagram of the sympathetic system
	in its relation to the intestine.
	int.; A., aorta; tp. g.. spinal
	ganglion ; w. r., white ramus ;
	g. t., ganglion of the sympathetic trunk; tpl., splanchnic
	nerve; coe.g., coeliac ganglion ;
	my. pi., myenteric plexus; sbm.
	pi., submucous plexus.


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	Fig. 113.~~-THH Ckrkbral~~ Nkrves of a 12 mm. Pir.. Xamkd in thh Ordfr of thfir Occurrkncf		Fig. 113. The Cerebral Nkrves of a 12 mm. Pir.. Xamkd in thh Ordfr of thfir Occurrkncf

	Bkginning Antkriorly, with their Ganglia and Chief Branches		Bkginning Antkriorly, with their Ganglia and Chief Branches
	~~^'^Â«Â«S [T ,^Â«^^'Â«P^1^- %~~"f (fib^'-s in the stalk of the eye. the lens of which is marked L). Ocuhmotor { Oc.) rrot/jrar (tr.) rr/j(r^w/Â«<z/.-serni lunar KanRlion (f.-l.); ophthalmic (oDh) maxit[.) and mandibular md. branches. AAifurrnx (Ah ~~^ %/^^^%. ' " .V"._ 1^?"_:,V_?^_\'.~~		"f (fib^'-s in the stalk of the eye. the lens of which is marked L). Ocuhmotor { Oc.) rrot/jrar (tr.) rr/j(r^w/Â«<z/.-serni lunar KanRlion (f.-l.); ophthalmic (oDh) maxit[.) and mandibular md. branches. AAifurrnx (Ah



	and Iar>n\|feal branches, rec. heinjr the recurrent nerve; the main stem proceeds to the stomach us		and Iar>n\|feal branches, rec. heinjr the recurrent nerve; the main stem proceeds to the stomach us accessory portion has an external ramus (ex.). Hypoglossal (Hy.). Frorien\ rudrmenS?^- hvii^ glossal ganRl.on (F.) sometimes sends fibers to the hypoglossal nei^'e. cJ.TS/c.?, epical nerve; called the accessory nerve), the glossopharyngeal, the inlermedius (its motor
	accessory portion has an external ramus (ex.). Hypoglossal (Hy.). Frorien\ rudrmenS?^- hvii^
	glossal ganRl.on (F.) sometimes sends fibers to the hypoglossal nei^'e. cJ.TS/c.?, epical nerve;

	~~caUed~~ the accessory nerve), the glossopharyngeal, the inlermedius (its motor
	part and its largest branch forming the facial nerve), and the trigeminus.		part and its largest branch forming the facial nerve), and the trigeminus.
	In the diagram the lateral roots are in solid black and the dorsal roots are		In the diagram the lateral roots are in solid black and the dorsal roots are
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	of fishes. These organs do not develop in man, but the ganglia are		of fishes. These organs do not develop in man, but the ganglia are
	permanent -structures. Closely united with the geniculate ganglion of		permanent -structures. Closely united with the geniculate ganglion of
	the intermedius is the ~~gangUon~~ of the acoustic nerve. The latter is a		the intermedius is the ganglion of the acoustic nerve. The latter is a purely sensory nerve to the ear. By some comparative anatomists it is considered a part of the intermedius. In the trigeminus it is to be noted that the lateral root joins the mandibular division only. The peculiar optic and olfactory nerves will be considered with the sense organs.
	purely sensory nerve to the ear. By some comparative anatomists it is
	considered a part of the intermedius. In the trigeminus it is to be noted
	that the lateral root joins the mandibular division only. The peculiar
	optic and olfactory nerves will be considered with the sense organs.

	The sympathetic system in the head supplies the smooth muscles of		The sympathetic system in the head supplies the smooth muscles of the blood vessels and iris, together with parts of the pharyngeal mucous membranes and the salivary glands; it sends fibers into the periosteum. The plexuses around the large blood vessels are continuous with the sympathetic plexuses of the neck. Although the cerebral nerves do not have any regularly arranged sympathetic or visceral rami, all of them, except the olfactory, optic, and acoustic, are said to communicate with the sympathetic system. In the head there are four sympathetic ganglia, the ciliary, sphenopalaiiney otic and submaxillary , all of which are connected with the trigeminal nerve. They develop later than the semilunar ganglion from which their cells may migrate. The sphenopalatine, otic, and submaxillary ganglia are also connected with the intermedius and may receive
	the blood vessels and iris, together with parts of the pharyngeal mucous		cells from the geniculate ganglion. The otic further receives the continuation of the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeus.
	membranes and the salivary glands; it sends fibers into the periosteum.
	The plexuses around the large blood vessels are continuous with the
	sympathetic plexuses of the neck. Although the cerebral nerves do not
	have any regularly arranged sympathetic or visceral rami, all of them,
	except the olfactory, optic, and acoustic, are said to communicate with
	the sympathetic system. In the head there are four sympathetic ganglia,
	the ciliary, sphenopalaiiney otic and submaxillary , all of which are connected
	with the trigeminal nerve. They develop later than the semilunar ganglion
	from which their cells may migrate. The sphenopalatine, otic, and submaxillary ganglia are also connected with the intermedius and may receive
	cells from the geniculate ganglion. The otic further receives the continuation of the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeus.

	===Structure of Nerve Tissue===		===Structure of Nerve Tissue===