BGDA Practical 7 - Week 4 - Revision history

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			{{BGDA Practical 6 - Week 4 Interactive}}

Z8600021: /* Week 4 Movies */

2018-05-13T06:24:48Z

Week 4 Movies

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	==Week 4 ~~Movies~~==		==Week 4 Dynamics==

	Note that many of the movies start in week 4 and continue on through later embryonic development.		Note that many of the movies start in week 4 and continue on through later embryonic development.

Z8600021 at 00:36, 17 Mayıs 2017

2017-05-17T00:36:38Z

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	</gallery>		</gallery>

	{{BGDA Practical - Week 3 movies table}}		{{BGDA Practical - Week 4 movies table}}

	[[File:Stage11_sem6.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Human embryo (Week 4, 24 days, Carnegie stage 11, 13 somite pairs)]]		[[File:Stage11_sem6.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Human embryo (Week 4, 24 days, Carnegie stage 11, 13 somite pairs)]]

Z8600021 at 00:32, 17 Mayıs 2017

2017-05-17T00:32:27Z

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	File:Stage13_sem1.jpg\|Stage 13		File:Stage13_sem1.jpg\|Stage 13
	</gallery>		</gallery>

			{{BGDA Practical - Week 3 movies table}}

	[[File:Stage11_sem6.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Human embryo (Week 4, 24 days, Carnegie stage 11, 13 somite pairs)]]		[[File:Stage11_sem6.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Human embryo (Week 4, 24 days, Carnegie stage 11, 13 somite pairs)]]

Z8600021 at 00:22, 17 Mayıs 2017

2017-05-17T00:22:27Z

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	Human Embryo - left dorsolateral view (Week 4, [[Carnegie stage 11]], {{GA}} week 6])		Human Embryo - left dorsolateral view (Week 4, [[Carnegie stage 11]], {{GA}} week 6])
	~~===Neurogenesis===~~
	* '''Central Nervous System''' (CNS) - the neural plate undergoes morphological changes to form the primitive central nervous system (brain, spinal cord). An epithelial layer of cells which contributes all neural (brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system) and the external epithelium (surface layer of the skin) of the embryo. Neurogenesis begins towards the end of week 3, when the neural tissues separate from this germ cell layer.

	* '''Peripheral Nervous System''' (PNS) - the neural crest cells in the body region migrate and spread to different regions of the embryo forming the PNS (dorsal root ganglia, sympathetic ganglia, [[E#enteric nervous system\|enteric nervous system]]) and many other embryonic tissues. Neural crest cells in the head region form skeletal and other structures.		* Neurogenesis
			** '''Central Nervous System''' (CNS) - the neural plate undergoes morphological changes to form the primitive central nervous system (brain, spinal cord). An epithelial layer of cells which contributes all neural (brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system) and the external epithelium (surface layer of the skin) of the embryo. Neurogenesis begins towards the end of week 3, when the neural tissues separate from this germ cell layer.
	~~===~~Pharyngeal Arches~~===~~		** '''Peripheral Nervous System''' (PNS) - the neural crest cells in the body region migrate and spread to different regions of the embryo forming the PNS (dorsal root ganglia, sympathetic ganglia, [[E#enteric nervous system\|enteric nervous system]]) and many other embryonic tissues. Neural crest cells in the head region form skeletal and other structures.
	In the head region, a series of ventral folds form under the brain in a rostral to caudal sequence, these are the [[P#pharyngeal arch\|pharyngeal arches]].		* Pharyngeal Arches
			** In the head region, a series of ventral folds form under the brain in a rostral to caudal sequence, these are the [[P#pharyngeal arch\|pharyngeal arches]].
	~~===~~Placodes~~===~~		* Placodes
	In the head region, ectoderm small patches form pairs of specialised [[P#placode\|placodes]] that eventually contribute to specific sensory components, cranial ganglia and the anterior pituitary ([[A#adenohypophysis\|adenohypophysis]]).		** In the head region, ectoderm small patches form pairs of specialised [[P#placode\|placodes]] that eventually contribute to specific sensory components, cranial ganglia and the anterior pituitary ([[A#adenohypophysis\|adenohypophysis]]).
			* Limb Buds
	~~===~~Limb Buds~~===~~		** In the body region, [[L#limb bud\|limb buds]] form initially as ectoderm and mesoderm (somitic and somatic) components and are the "paddle-like" projections from the trunk which will form all the upper and lower limb components. (An overview of limb development will be covered in [[2010_BGD_Practical_6_-_Week_8\|week 8]]).
	In the body region, [[L#limb bud\|limb buds]] form initially as ectoderm and mesoderm (somitic and somatic) components and are the "paddle-like" projections from the trunk which will form all the upper and lower limb components. (An overview of limb development will be covered in [[2010_BGD_Practical_6_-_Week_8\|week 8]]).		* Cardiogenesis
			** Within the embryo mesoderm, the heart tube and vascular development continues. Cardiogenesis will be covered in [[2010_BGD_Practical_6_-_Week_5\|week 5]], when septation begins.
	~~===~~Cardiogenesis~~===~~		** Note there is also an online tutorial (developed by an ILP student) that will introduce heart development. The best place to start is with [[Basic Cardiac Embryology]].

	Within the embryo mesoderm, the heart tube and vascular development continues. Cardiogenesis will be covered in [[2010_BGD_Practical_6_-_Week_5\|week 5]], when septation begins.

	Note there is also an online tutorial (developed by an ILP student) that will introduce heart development. The best place to start is with [[Basic Cardiac Embryology]].

	==Neurogenesis==		==Neurogenesis==

Z8600021: /* Introduction */

2017-05-17T00:20:44Z

Introduction

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 ==Introduction==
 {{BGDALab7}}
 [[File:Stage11_sem6.jpg|thumb|300px|Human embryo (Week 4, 24 days, Carnegie stage 11, 13 somite pairs)]]
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 Note there is also an online tutorial (developed by an ILP student) that will introduce heart development. The best place to start is with [[Basic Cardiac Embryology]].
 ==Neurogenesis==

Z8600021: /* Pharyngeal Arches and Placodes */

2017-05-15T00:41:47Z

Pharyngeal Arches and Placodes

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	[[File:Stage14_sem2cl.jpg\|300px]] [[File:Stage13_otocyst.jpg\|400px\|otic placode forms the otocyst]]		[[File:Stage14_sem2cl.jpg\|300px]] [[File:Stage13_otocyst.jpg\|400px\|otic placode forms the otocyst]]

			:'''Links:''' [[Placodes]]

	==Cardiogenesis==		==Cardiogenesis==

Z8600021: /* Neurogenesis */

2017-05-15T00:31:34Z

Neurogenesis

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	* Central Nervous System (CNS) - the neural plate undergoes morphological changes to form the primitive central nervous system. An epithelial layer of cells which contributes all neural (brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system) and the external epithelium (surface layer of the skin) of the embryo. Neurogenesis begins towards the end of week 3, when the neural tissues separate from this germ cell layer.		<gallery mode="packed-hover" caption="Mesoderm and Ectoderm Cartoons">
	* Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - the neural crest cells in the body region migrate and spread to different regions of the embryo forming the PNS and many other embryonic tissues. Neural crest cells in the head region form skeletal and other structures.		File:Mesoderm-cartoon1.jpg\|Trilaminar Embryo
			File:Mesoderm-cartoon2.jpg\|Paraxial and Lateral Plate
			File:Mesoderm-cartoon3.jpg\|Somites
			File:Mesoderm-cartoon4.jpg\|Somatic and Splanchnic
			</gallery>

			* '''Central Nervous System''' (CNS) - the neural plate undergoes morphological changes to form the primitive central nervous system. An epithelial layer of cells which contributes all neural (brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system) and the external epithelium (surface layer of the skin) of the embryo. Neurogenesis begins towards the end of week 3, when the neural tissues separate from this germ cell layer.
			* '''Peripheral Nervous System''' (PNS) - the neural crest cells in the body region migrate and spread to different regions of the embryo forming the PNS and many other embryonic tissues. Neural crest cells in the head region form skeletal and other structures.

	=== Human Neuralation - Early Stages ===		=== Human Neuralation - Early Stages ===

Z8600021: /* Neurogenesis */

2016-05-26T02:51:06Z

Neurogenesis

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	[[File:Stage11 sem21.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Human embryo neural crest cells (stage 11)]]		[[File:Stage11 sem21.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Human embryo neural crest cells (stage 11)]]

	'''Developmental sequence:''' ~~[[#neural_plate\|~~neural plate]] -> (day 18-19) ~~[[#neural_groove\|~~neural groove]] -> ~~[[#neural_tube\|~~neural tube]] -> Central Nervous System (brain and spinal cord)		'''Developmental sequence:''' neural plate -> (day 18-19) neural groove -> neural tube -> Central Nervous System (brain and spinal cord)

Z8600021 at 23:44, 25 Mayıs 2016

2016-05-25T23:44:28Z

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	=== Human Neuralation - Early Stages ===		=== Human Neuralation - Early Stages ===
	{\|		{\|
	\| [[File:Stage11 sem9.jpg\|~~400px~~]]		\| [[File:Stage11 sem9.jpg\|300px]]
	\| [[File:Stage12_SEM3.jpg\|~~400px~~]]		\| [[File:Stage12_SEM3.jpg\|300px]]
	\|-		\|-
	\| Cranial Neural Pore (stage 11)		\| Cranial Neural Pore (stage 11)