2010 Group Project 1 - Revision history

MarkHill at 00:41, 7 October 2010

2010-10-07T00:41:56Z

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	<div style="background:#F5FFFA; border: 1px solid #CEF2E0; padding: 1em; margin: auto; width: 98%; float:left;"><div style="margin:0;background-color:#cef2e0;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:left;color:#000;padding-left:0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.2em;">Notice - Mark Hill</div>This page is an undergraduate science embryology student [[~~ANAT2341_2010_Students#Group_Projects~~\|Group Project 2010]].</div>		<div style="background:#F5FFFA; border: 1px solid #CEF2E0; padding: 1em; margin: auto; width: 98%; float:left;"><div style="margin:0;background-color:#cef2e0;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:left;color:#000;padding-left:0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.2em;">Notice - Mark Hill</div>This page is an undergraduate science embryology student [[Template:Projects10\|Group Project 2010]].</div>

	[[File:ZUltrasound Image of Fetal Aorta.jpg\| right]]		[[File:ZUltrasound Image of Fetal Aorta.jpg\| right]]

MarkHill at 00:38, 7 October 2010

2010-10-07T00:38:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:38, 7 October 2010
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			<div style="background:#F5FFFA; border: 1px solid #CEF2E0; padding: 1em; margin: auto; width: 98%; float:left;"><div style="margin:0;background-color:#cef2e0;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:left;color:#000;padding-left:0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.2em;">Notice - Mark Hill</div>This page is an undergraduate science embryology student [[ANAT2341_2010_Students#Group_Projects\|Group Project 2010]].</div>

	[[File:ZUltrasound Image of Fetal Aorta.jpg\| right]]		[[File:ZUltrasound Image of Fetal Aorta.jpg\| right]]
	=Ultrasound=		=Ultrasound=

MarkHill: Protected "2010 Group Project 1": end of project ([edit=sysop] (indefinite) [move=sysop] (indefinite))

2010-10-07T00:24:48Z

Protected "2010 Group Project 1": end of project ([edit=sysop] (indefinite) [move=sysop] (indefinite))

← Older revision	Revision as of 10:24, 7 October 2010
(No difference)

Z3252833: /* Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis */

2010-10-06T21:18:14Z

Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis

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	==Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis==		==Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis==
			[[File:ZUltrasound machine.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Recent Ultrasound machine]]

			Ultrasound is currently being used in various fields for multiple purposes such as diagnosing major diseases of fetused. It is also used to detect the placental location and “vascular system”. Moreover, recent discoveries have made the mother-fetus interaction able to be visualised by being able to see the development of placenta and the changes in blood vessels during pregnancy <ref><pubmed>20034427</pubmed></ref>. Ultrasound is an important prenatal diagnostic tool because of its visual capability, making it possible to measure crown-rump length for growth and enable physicians to see both superficial and deep layers of the embryo. With modern 3-D ultrasound technology detection of morphological changes presented diseases is easily recognisable.

	Ultrasound is currently being used in various fields for multiple purposes such as diagnosing major diseases of fetused. It is also used to detect the placental location and “vascular system”. Moreover, recent discoveries have made the mother-fetus interaction able to be visualised by being able to see the development of placenta and the changes in blood vessels during pregnancy <ref><pubmed>20034427</pubmed></ref>. Ultrasound is an important prenatal diagnostic tool because of its visual capability, making it possible to measure crown-rump length for growth and enable physicians to see both superficial and deep layers of the embryo. With modern 3-D ultrasound technology detection of morphological changes presented diseases is easily recognisable.[[File:ZUltrasound machine.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Recent Ultrasound machine]]

			Another example of current research would be using ultrasound to detect the early FASD (fetal alcohol spectrum disorder) symptoms in alcoholic mothers by examining the abnormal facial features of the fetus for better prevention and treatment, since it is known to result many birth defects such as impaired growth and cognitive dysfunction<ref><pubmed>19444822</pubmed></ref>.[[File:ZFetus yawning.jpg\|thumb\|left\|3D ultrasound image showing a fetus yawning]]
	~~[[File:ZFetus yawning.jpg\|thumb\|left\|3D ultrasound image showing a fetus yawning]]~~Another example of current research would be using ultrasound to detect the early FASD (fetal alcohol spectrum disorder) symptoms in alcoholic mothers by examining the abnormal facial features of the fetus for better prevention and treatment, since it is known to result many birth defects such as impaired growth and cognitive dysfunction<ref><pubmed>19444822</pubmed></ref>.

	Previously all an ultrasound machine could do was detect the presence of a heart-beat, however the recent research shows that cardiac defects could be detected via ultrasound from as early as week 11-13 so that there would be minimal complications for both the mother and the child.<ref><pubmed>16570262</pubmed></ref>		Previously all an ultrasound machine could do was detect the presence of a heart-beat, however the recent research shows that cardiac defects could be detected via ultrasound from as early as week 11-13 so that there would be minimal complications for both the mother and the child.<ref><pubmed>16570262</pubmed></ref>

Z3252833: /* Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis */

2010-10-06T21:17:23Z

Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis

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	In addition, there is also a media report that claimed 3-D ultrasound shows “complex behaviors” which would be considered impossible for a neonate. These actions include yawning, sucking, smiling, crying and scratching in the womb. The findings were considered a powerful psychological tool to study behaviours in unborn infants.<ref>BBC, Scans uncover secrets of the womb. Accessed 13/9/2010<http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3846525.stm></ref>		In addition, there is also a media report that claimed 3-D ultrasound shows “complex behaviors” which would be considered impossible for a neonate. These actions include yawning, sucking, smiling, crying and scratching in the womb. The findings were considered a powerful psychological tool to study behaviours in unborn infants.<ref>BBC, Scans uncover secrets of the womb. Accessed 13/9/2010<http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3846525.stm></ref>
	For more information about the Report\|[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3846525.stm BBC news]		For more information about the Report\|[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3846525.stm BBC news]


	In terms of further uses, researches are aiming to develop a better resolution and more interactive ultrasound machines for better prenatal diagnosis and treatment. Today, many more diseases have been detected via ultrasound than were able to be detected previously, hence when ultrasound systems are more developed and have greater functions, fetal abnormalities would be quickly detected and potentially could be greatly reduced which would not only help save lives, but also lead to better health care.		In terms of further uses, researches are aiming to develop a better resolution and more interactive ultrasound machines for better prenatal diagnosis and treatment. Today, many more diseases have been detected via ultrasound than were able to be detected previously, hence when ultrasound systems are more developed and have greater functions, fetal abnormalities would be quickly detected and potentially could be greatly reduced which would not only help save lives, but also lead to better health care.

Z3252833: /* Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis */

2010-10-06T21:16:59Z

Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis

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			[[File:ZFetus yawning.jpg\|thumb\|left\|3D ultrasound image showing a fetus yawning]]Another example of current research would be using ultrasound to detect the early FASD (fetal alcohol spectrum disorder) symptoms in alcoholic mothers by examining the abnormal facial features of the fetus for better prevention and treatment, since it is known to result many birth defects such as impaired growth and cognitive dysfunction<ref><pubmed>19444822</pubmed></ref>.

	</pubmed></ref>.[[File:ZFetus yawning.jpg\|thumb\|left\|3D ultrasound image showing a fetus yawning]]Another example of current research would be using ultrasound to detect the early FASD (fetal alcohol spectrum disorder) symptoms in alcoholic mothers by examining the abnormal facial features of the fetus for better prevention and treatment, since it is known to result many birth defects such as impaired growth and cognitive dysfunction<ref><pubmed>19444822</pubmed></ref>.		Previously all an ultrasound machine could do was detect the presence of a heart-beat, however the recent research shows that cardiac defects could be detected via ultrasound from as early as week 11-13 so that there would be minimal complications for both the mother and the child.<ref><pubmed>16570262</pubmed></ref>
	Previously all an ultrasound machine could do was detect the presence of a heart-beat, however the recent research shows that cardiac defects could be detected via ultrasound from as early as week 11-13 so that there would be minimal complications for both the mother and the child<ref><pubmed>16570262

Z3252833: /* Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis */

2010-10-06T21:15:58Z

Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:15, 7 October 2010
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	Another example of current research would be using ultrasound to detect the early FASD (fetal alcohol spectrum disorder) symptoms in alcoholic mothers by examining the abnormal facial features of the fetus for better prevention and treatment, since it is known to result many birth defects such as impaired growth and cognitive dysfunction<ref><pubmed>19444822</pubmed></ref>.		</pubmed></ref>.[[File:ZFetus yawning.jpg\|thumb\|left\|3D ultrasound image showing a fetus yawning]]Another example of current research would be using ultrasound to detect the early FASD (fetal alcohol spectrum disorder) symptoms in alcoholic mothers by examining the abnormal facial features of the fetus for better prevention and treatment, since it is known to result many birth defects such as impaired growth and cognitive dysfunction<ref><pubmed>19444822</pubmed></ref>.
	Previously all an ultrasound machine could do was detect the presence of a heart-beat, however the recent research shows that cardiac defects could be detected via ultrasound from as early as week 11-13 so that there would be minimal complications for both the mother and the child<ref><pubmed>16570262~~</pubmed></ref>.[[File:ZFetus yawning.jpg\|thumb\|left\|3D ultrasound image showing a fetus yawning]]~~		Previously all an ultrasound machine could do was detect the presence of a heart-beat, however the recent research shows that cardiac defects could be detected via ultrasound from as early as week 11-13 so that there would be minimal complications for both the mother and the child<ref><pubmed>16570262

Z3252833 at 21:14, 6 October 2010

2010-10-06T21:14:43Z

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	It is important to note that whilst in the diagnosis of fetal abnormalities in patients suspected of having said abnormalities, ultrasound imaging can be more specific in that the sonographer or sonologist knows that they are looking for, and be more specific in their examination (i.e. focus on particular anatomical areas, collecting several images of the structure in question). As a screening tool, however, less obvious defects like small ventricular septal defects are easy to miss during a broad, non-focused examination, even if the ultrasound technician does obtain an image of the chambers of the heart. <ref>Ellwood, D.A. (1995) The Role of Ultrasound in Prenatal Diagnosis. In Trent, R.J. (Ed.), Handbook of Prenatal Diagnosis. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 32</ref>		It is important to note that whilst in the diagnosis of fetal abnormalities in patients suspected of having said abnormalities, ultrasound imaging can be more specific in that the sonographer or sonologist knows that they are looking for, and be more specific in their examination (i.e. focus on particular anatomical areas, collecting several images of the structure in question). As a screening tool, however, less obvious defects like small ventricular septal defects are easy to miss during a broad, non-focused examination, even if the ultrasound technician does obtain an image of the chambers of the heart. <ref>Ellwood, D.A. (1995) The Role of Ultrasound in Prenatal Diagnosis. In Trent, R.J. (Ed.), Handbook of Prenatal Diagnosis. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 32</ref>


	~~===Advantages and Disadvantages of Ultrasound Imaging for Prenatal Diagnosis===~~

	==Risks and Regulations==		==Risks and Regulations==

Z3252833 at 11:16, 6 October 2010

2010-10-06T11:16:13Z

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	\| align="center" width="150" \| [[File:ZPhased_Array_Transducerki.jpg\|200px]]		\| align="center" width="150" \| [[File:ZPhased_Array_Transducerki.jpg\|200px]]
	\|}		\|}


	====The Ultrasound Machine and Recording Devices====		====The Ultrasound Machine and Recording Devices====

Z3252833 at 11:15, 6 October 2010

2010-10-06T11:15:19Z

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	Link to a review of 3D ultrasound imaging \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20349815 Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging]		Link to a review of 3D ultrasound imaging \| [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20349815 Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging]


	==Current Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis==		==Current Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis==
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	==Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis==		==Current Research and Future Uses in Prenatal Diagnosis==