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From Embryology

Contents

Part I. Microscopic Anatomy

1.1. Cytology

THE CELL, i

Protoplasm.

Nucleus.

Centrosome.

Cell Wall.

Form and Size of Cells.

CYTOMORPHOSIS, 9

VITAL PHENOMENA, 1 1

Amoeboid Motion.

FORMATION AND REPRODUCTION OF CELLS, 12

Amitosis.

Mitosis.

Spermatogenesis.

Oogenesis.

Fertilization.

1.2. General Histology

HlSTOGENESIS, 35

Segmentation and the Formation of the Germ Layers.

The Fundamental Tissues.

EPITHELIUM 46

Shapes of Epithelial Cells and the Number of Layers.

Peripheral Differentiation.

Processes of Secretion.

The Nature and Classification of Glands.

MESENCHYMAL TISSUES 59

Reticular Tissue.

Mucous Tissue.

Connective Tissue.

Adipose Tissue.

Tendon.

Cartilage.

Bone.

Joints.

Teeth (including the Ectodermal Enamel Organs).

MUSCULAR TISSUE 113

Smooth Muscle.

Skeletal Muscle.

Cardiac Muscle.

NERVOUS TISSUE,

General Features.

Development of

The spinal nerves

The sympathetic system

The cerebral nerves.

Structure of

Nervous tissue

Ganglia

Nerves.

Nerve Endings.

VASCULAR TISSUE,

Blood Vessels.

General features.

Development.

Capillaries.

Arteries.

Veins. The Heart Lymphatic Vessels. Blood.

Red corpuscles.

White corpuscles.

Blood plates.

Plasma. Lymph.


1.3. Special Histology

BLOOD FORMING AND BLOOD DESTROYING ORGANS, 202

Bone Marrow.

Lymph Nodules and Lymph Glands.

Haemolymph Glands.

Spleen.

THE ENTODERMAL TRACT, 215

Mouth and Pharynx, 215

Development.

Tonsils.

Thymus.

Thyreoid Gland.

Parathyreoid Glands.

Glomus Caroticum.

Tongue.

Oral and Pharyngeal Cavities.

Glands of the Oral Cavity. Digestive Tube, 245

Development.

(Esophagus.

Stomach.

Duodenum.

Jejunum and Ileum.

Mesentery and Peritoneum.

Vermiform Process.

Caecum and Colon.

Rectum.

Liver 276

Pancreas, 289

Respiratory Apparatus, 295

Development.

Larynx.

Trachea and Bronchi.

Lungs.

Pleura.

URINARY ORGANS, 306

Wolffian Bodies and Wolffian Ducts.

Kidney.

Renal Pelvis and Ureter.

Bladder.

Urethra (in the female).

MALE GENITAL ORGANS, 326

Development and General Features.

Testis.

Epididymis.

Ductus deferens.

Seminal Vesicles and Ejaculatory

Ducts.

Appendices and Paradidymis. Prostate.

Urethra and Penis.

FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS, 349

Development and General Features.

Ovary.

Uterine Tubes.

Uterus.

Menstruation. Decidual Membranes of the Uterus

and Embryo.

Development and General Features. Decidua vera, Amnion and

Chorion laeve. Placenta. Umbilical Cord.

Vagina and External Genital Organs.

SKIN, 384

Nails.

Hair.

Sebaceous Glands.

Sweat Glands.

Mammary Glands.

SUPRARENAL GLANDS, 404

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, 409

Spinal Cord, 409

Development and General Features. Adult Structure.

Brain, 418

Development and General Features.

Medulla Oblongata. Cerebellum. Hemispheres. Hypophysis. Pineal Body. Meninges.

EYE,

Development and General Anatomy.

Retina.

Optic Nerve.

Lens.

Vitreous Body.

Tunica Vasculosa.

Tunica Fibrosa.

Vessels, Chambers, and Nerves.

Eyelids.

Lachrymal Glands.


EAR, 465

Development and General Anatomy. Sacculus, Utriculus, and Semicircular Ducts. Cochlea. Nerves of the Labyrinth.

Vessels of the Labyrinth.

Middle Ear.

External Ear. NOSE,

Part II. Microscopical Technique

2.1. The Preparation of Microscopical Specimens

FRESH TISSUES, 487

PERMANENT PREPARATIONS.

General Stains. Selective Stains.

ISOLATION, 488

PERMANENT PREPARATIONS, 489

Fixation.

Decalcifi cation. Imbedding.

Cutting and Handling Sections. Staining.

Clearing and Mounting.

SLIDES AND COVER GLASSES, 508

INJECTIONS, 509

SPECIAL METHODS, 510

2.2. The Examination of Microscopical Specimens

THE MICROSCOPE, 514

RECONSTRUCTIONS, 516

DRAWINGS, 518