Talk:Book - Buchanan's Manual of Anatomy including Embryology

From Embryology

Alexander Macgregor Buchanan Obituary

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5911897/

ALEXANDER MACGREGOR BUCHANAN, M.D. Glasc., F.R.F.P.S.G.

By the death of Dr. Alex. M. Buchanan the cause of extra- mural medical teaching in Glasgow has lost one of its chief supporters, while the loss to the Anderson College of Medicine, where for the last forty-one years he acted as Professor of Anatomy, is simply incalculable. Other professors and lecturers might come and go, adorning its class-rooms for a few years till they were provided for elsewhere; but Dr. Buchanan was AGRY oc ete Obituary?

a fixture. His name became as well known as that of the College itself, and admiring students, infected by the reports of their predecessors, came in numbers every year to study anatomy in his rooms. He had a great reputation as a teacher of anatomy, and he well deserved it. He had a long and varied training for the post he so long held and adorned.

Born in 1844, Dr. Buchanan was educated at the High School, Glasgow, was dux of the junior division of the late Dr. M‘Kindlay’s Latin class, 1855-60, and captured all the first prizes and medals open to him. He entered the University of Glasgow in 1860, graduating in Arts in 1864, taking the degrees of M.B., C.M. four years later, and that of M.D. in 1871. In 1874 he became a Fellow of the Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons, and at the time of his death was the oldest member of its board of examiners. As a student of anatomy he studied under the late Professor Allen Thomson and Dr. Mitchell Banks, afterwards the eminent anatomist and surgeon of Liverpool. As soon as he graduated he was appointed Senior Demonstrator of Anatomy by Professor Allen Thomson, and held this post for four years. During this period he formed that method of lecturing and demonstrating which he afterwards carried out so brilliantly in the Anderson College. At the close of his demonstratorship he spent two years as house surgeon and house physician in the Royal Infirmary, thus gaining a thorough knowledge both of surgery and medicine, and especially of the points which could be most aptly illustrated in his anatomical lectures. In 1874 he was appointed to the Chair of Anatomy in Anderson’s College Medical School on the promotion of the late Professor George Buchanan to the Chair of Clinical Surgery in the University.

In his new Chair Dr. Buchanan had but one aim—to become a great teacher of anatomy. He was a brilliant dissector, and though much less of an artist than his great teacher, Professor Allen Thomson, he had imbibed much of the latter’s skill at the black-board. He made not only clear pictures in chalk, but every specimen he demonstrated was converted by his scalpel into a picture designed to show without confusion the points he wished to insist on, and such that no student could fail to recognise and understand every topic prelected on. His students were the first to perceive the artistic clearness and Obituary. 439

precision of every demonstration, and were often heard to say, as they left his class-room, “ Well, we have learnt a lot to-day.” His style and manner in lecturing were formed partly after those of Professor Allen Thomson, but also, and to a greater degree, on those of Thiedemann, of Heidelburg, for whom Dr. Buchanan frequently expressed the greatest admiration. In 1906 Dr. Buchanan published a Manual of Anatomy in two handsome volumes, fully illustrated by drawings, some original, others from many different sources. The descriptions given are in his most characteristic style—short, terse, and clear, suited to the wants of students.

The work he did for the Anderson College was manifold. His teaching maintained and even advanced its reputation, and this was recognised alike by his students and by his colleagues, who from the oldest to the youngest regarded him as a source of strength both in their councils and in the daily performance of the duties of his chair. On the removal of the College to its present position his labours on its behalf were exceptionally arduous and fruitful, and he was of the utmost assistance by the practical aid he gave in the work of its building and establishment.

His Manual of Anatomy was not only an aid to learners far beyond the limits of the College, but its graphie and clear descriptions attracted within the walls many students desirous of sitting at the feet of one in whose hands the study of anatomy could be rendered so perspicuous and so attractive. Those who had learnt of him became in their turn further messengers of his fame; and it is no exaggera- tion to say that there are former students of his in every part of the world to bear testimony to the value of his work, and to grieve at the news of his decease.

Held as he was by all in high estimation as a teacher and scientific worker, the pleasures of familiar intercourse with him were amplified by the ease and affability of his relations alike with colleagues and students. Dignity and courtesy were ever the characteristics of his association with them, and those among them who knew him more intimately entertained for him feelings of a warmth perhaps somewhat unusual between teacher and taught.

In addition to the work of his Chair, Dr. Buchanan occupied 440 Obituary.

for fifteen years the post of Freeland Lecturer on Anatomy and Physiology in the Anderson College, the lectures being directed towards the teaching of the general principles of these subjects to laymen. In this popular branch of his subject he was no less successful than in its scientific exposition, and his course attracted large numbers of the laity to the Anderson College. These lectures are now included in the course of the Technical College. Froin 1890 to 1896 he was Examiner in Anatomy to the University of Glasgow, and for many years, as has been already indicated, he was examiner in that subject to the Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons.

Many years ago Dr. Buchanan’s health broke down, and, though he partially recovered, he had been in recent years more or less of an invalid. He was able to discharge the duties of his Chair till last summer. His death on 9th November was rather unexpected, and to the many students who loved him with a whole-hearted affection it will come as the news of the loss of a dear and intimate friend.

The following is a list of Dr. Buchanan’s publications :—

“ Well-marked lobulation of kidneys in a human adult,” Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 1892.

“ Use of peroxide of hydrogen in the preparation of bones,” zbid., 1893.

“ Diverticulum of small intestine,” zbid., 1894.

“ Abnormal cecum and vermiform appendix, zbid., 1894.

“Calcareous body from burse over patella,” zbid., 1894.

    • Abnormal sternum,” ibid.

Manual of Anatomy, Systematic and Practical, including Embryology, two volumes, 1906.

GEORGE COATS, M.D. Guase., F.R.C.S., Lonpon.

WE regret to announce the death of Mr. George Coats, which took place on 2nd November at a nursing home in Edinburgh, at the early age of 39 years. A son of the late Mr. Allan Coats, and nephew of the late Professor Joseph Coats, he was born at Paisley in 1876, and studied medicine at Glasgow University, where he took the degrees of M.B., Ch.B. in 1897, and that of M.D. in 1901. His thesis, written while he was house surgeon


Table of Contents

I. Terminology and Relative Positions ..... i

II. General Embryology ........ 8

THE ANIMAL CELL ......... 8

CELL-DIVISION ......... 9

GERM-CELLS . ......... 12

FERTILIZATION OF OVUM ....... 20

DEVELOPMENT OF OVUM . . . . . . .26

EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT ....... 33

BROAD OUTLINES OF ORGANOGENY ...... 53

INTRA-UTERINE CONDITIONS . . . . , , . IO4

GENERAL GROWTH . . . . . . . . IIO

III. Osteology . . . . . . . . . .113

INTRODUCTORY . . . . . . . . . II3

IV. Bones of Trunk ......... 125

VERTEBRAL COLUMN . . . . . . . 125

RIBS AND CARTILAGES . . . . . . , -154

STERNUM . . . . . . . . . .160

THORAX AS A WHOLE ........ 165

DEVELOPMENT OF TRUNK BONES . . . . . 167

V. Bones of Head . . . . . . . . .172

occipital . . . . . . . . . .172

THE MAXILL.E . . . . . . . . 2 JI

HYOID . . . . . . . . . . .235

SKULL AS A WHOLE . . . . . . . .237

REGIONS .......... 242

INTERIOR OF CRANIUM ........ 259

FCETAL SKULL ......... 265

RACIAL PECULIARITIES ........ 268

DEVELOPMENT OF SKULL ....... 270

TEETH, WITH DEVELOPMENT ....... 278

VI. Bones of Upper Limb ........ 289

VII. Bones of Lower Limb ........ 334

hip bone .......... 334

THE PELVIS ......... 342

FEMUR .......... 345

LEG AND FOOT . . . . . . . • *355

VIII. Joints ........... 392

GENENA 1 .......... 392

IX. The Upper Limb ......... 397

back . .......... 397

PECTORAL REGION . . . . . .. . 412

AXILLA . . . . . . . , . .422

ARM . .......... 446

SHOULDER-JOINT ......... 461

FOREARM AND HAND ........ 465

DEVELOPMENT AND MORPHOLOGY . . . . . -515

JOINTS.516

X. Lower Limb .......... 529

GLUTEAL REGION . . . . . . . , .529

BACK OF THIGH ......... 540

FRONT AND INNER SIDE OF THIGH ...... 551

HIP-JOINT.590

LEG .... 598

KNEE-JOINT .......... 628

SOLE OF FOOT.64 1

TIBIO-FIBULAR JOINTS ........ 659

XI. The Abdomen ......... 674

PERINEUM.674

ABDOMINAL WALL ......... 704

INGUINAL HERNIA ......... 745

ABDOMINAL CAVITY ........ 754

INTESTINAL STRUCTURE ........ 856

DEVELOPMENTAL POSITIONS ....... 874

LIVER AND OTHER VISCERA ....... 884

MALE PELVIS.^4

FEMALE PELVIS ......... 965

PELVTC ARTICULATIONS ....... 988

XII. The Thorax. 994

WALL .......... 994

THORACIC CAVITY ......... 1002

MEDIASTINUM ......... IOTI

HEART .......... IO48

DEVELOPMENT . . . . . . . . . TO73

OTHER CONTENTS ......... 1085

VERTEBRAL JOINTS. lI0 5

JOINTS OF RIBS, COSTAL CARTILAGES, AND STERNUM . . ITIO

XIII. Development of Vascular Systems . . . . .1116

PRINCIPAL ARTERIES AND VEINS . . . . . . IIl6

PRINCIPAL VEINS . . . . . . . . II23

INFERIOR VENA CAVA ........ II33

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM . . . . . . . .II37

XIV. The Head and Neck ........ 1141

BACK OF SCALP AND NECK . . . . . . . II4T

SCALP AND TEMPORAL REGION ...... II53

BASAL PART OF CRANIAL CAVITY . . . . . . 1162

SIDE OF THE NECK . . . . . . . . II7I

CONTENTS OF ORBIT ........ I247

FACE . .......... 1263

TEMPORAL AND INFRATEMPORAL REGIONS .... I3OI

DEEP DISSECTION OF NECK ....... 1 323

MOUTH CAVITY ......... 1335

NASAL CAVITY ......... I356


PHARYNX .......... 1366

DEVELOPMENT ......... 1373

LARYNX .......... 1379

PREVERTEBRAL MUSCLES . . . . . . . 1397

JOINTS OF ATLAS, AXIS, AND OCCIPITAL BONE . . . I4O4

XV. The Nervous System . . . . . . . .1410

SPINAL CORD ......... 1410

EXTERNAL CHARACTERS . . . . . . . I416

INTERNAL STRUCTURE ....... I42O

DEVELOPMENT ......... I436

encephalon: parts ........ 1442

SUPERFICIAL ORIGINS OF CRANIAL NERVES .... 1 446

rhombencephalon: medulla . . . . . .1451

PONS .......... 1468

CEREBELLUM ......... 1475

THE FOURTH VENTRICLE ....... I488

telencephalon: hemispheres ...... 1493

OLFACTORY LOBE AND RHINENCEPHALON . . . . I5IO

LATERAL VENTRICLE . . . . . . . 1522

BASAL GANGLIA ........ I 5 26

THIRD VENTRICLE ........ 1533

MESENCEPHALON ........ 1547

STRUCTURE OF CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES .... 1561

VESSELS JO F ENCEPHALON ...... I57O

DEVELOPMENT OF ENCEPHALON . . . . . . 1581

DEVELOPMENT OF PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM . . 1597

CHAPTER

XV. The Nervous System ( continued )

MENINGES OF ENCEPHALON CRANIAL NERVES CRANIO-CEREBRAL TOPOGRAPHY AUTONOMIC SYSTEM .

XVI. The Eye ....

COATS ....

REFRACTING MEDIA DEVELOPMENT

XVII. The Ear ....

EXTERNAL EAR .

MIDDLE EAR INTERNAL EAR MEMBRANOUS LABYRINTH DEVELOPMENT OF EAR

GLOSSARY ....