File:Thalidomide - limb signaling.jpg

Changes in limb signaling events occur secondary to vascular inhibition

CPS49 - a tetrafluorinated analogue of thalidomide that is chemically and structurally related to thalidomide breakdown products.

• A – P - HH St18 embryos treated with DMSO or CPS49 and fixed 3 h, 6 h, or 24 h later. Stained for cell death or by wholemount in situ hybridisation
• A – F - stained for cell death
• G – I - Fgf8 expression
• J – L - Fgf10 expression
• M and N - Bmp4 expression
• O and P - HIF-1 expression

untreated limb to left (G–P). (E and F)

Arrows indicate increased cell death in CPS49-treated limbs.

(H and I) Arrowheads indicate decreased Fgf8 expression relative to the contralateral limb, which serves as an internal control.

There is no significant difference in numbers of proliferating cells in CPS49-treated limbs as compared with control limbs.

Scale bars: A–F, 500 μm; G–I, 400 μm; Q–S, 250 μm

Links: Thalidomide | Limb Abnormalities

Reference

<pubmed>19433787</pubmed>

Copyright

Proceedings National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) Liberalization of PNAS copyright policy: Noncommercial use freely allowed Note original Author should be contacted for permission to reuse for Educational purposes. See also PNAS Author Rights and Permission FAQs

Cozzarelli NR, Fulton KR, Sullenberger DM. Liberalization of PNAS copyright policy: noncommercial use freely allowed. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 24;101(34):12399. PMID15314225 "Our guiding principle is that, while PNAS retains copyright, anyone can make noncommercial use of work in PNAS without asking our permission, provided that the original source is cited."

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Modified from Fig. 2. A-L http://www.pnas.org/content/106/21/8573/F2.expansion.html