File:Human preimplantation embryos 01.jpg

Human Preimplantation Embryos

Light and confocal micrographs showing cellular and nuclear morphology in human preimplantation embryos.

Nuclei are labeled with 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (blue).

A Fragmenting day 2 human embryo, with fragments arrowed.

B Nuclei from a day 6 blastocyst showing TUNEL-labeled (pink) fragmented nuclei () and healthy interphase nucleus.

C Day 2 4-cell embryo.

D Day 4 8-cell embryo with TUNEL-labeled polar body.

E Day 4 embryo with 13 cells and 15 nuclei, including 2 fragmenting and one in mitosis (m). Note TUNEL-labeled polar body.

F Day 4 morula with 18 nuclei, including 2 in mitosis (m); 1 fragmented nucleus that is TUNEL-labeled () and 1 fragmented nucleus with no TUNEL labeling.

G Day 4 morula with 24 nuclei, including 7 condensed, TUNEL-labeled nuclei.

H Day 6 blastocyst with 87 nuclei, 12 of which are TUNEL-labeled and mostly localized to the region of the inner cell mass.

Original file name: F1.large.jpg

Reference

<pubmed>11172006</pubmed>| PMC29312 | PNAS

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Cozzarelli NR, Fulton KR, Sullenberger DM. Liberalization of PNAS copyright policy: noncommercial use freely allowed. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Aug 24;101(34):12399. PMID15314225 "Our guiding principle is that, while PNAS retains copyright, anyone can make noncommercial use of work in PNAS without asking our permission, provided that the original source is cited."

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