Information relating to chemical safety is continuously changing and the most current source of Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) should be used for accurate information.
The information used in these current MSDS's is modified from 1999 generic sources. In all cases there may be specific modifications or additional entries for chemicals not listed.
This information is provided for educational purposes only.
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Alcohol is generally available in alcoholic beverages in the concentration range from 0.5 - 40%. Alcohol can also be found as a solvent for other chemical substances.
Laboratory alcohol, ethanol, is supplied as 100% and available at different levels of purity. In research, 70% ethanol is routinely used as a surface biological cleaning agent.
MSDS for ALCOHOL, ANHYDROUS, REAGENT
1 - PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
PRODUCT NAME: ALCOHOL, ANHYDROUS, REAGENT
FORMULA: MIXTURE C2H5OH & C3H7OH & CH3OH
FORMULA WT: .00
CAS NO.: - -
NIOSH/RTECS NO.: KQ6300000
COMMON SYNONYMS: ETHANOL
PRODUCT CODES: 9229,9401,A478,5128,9400
EFFECTIVE: 08/06/86
REVISION #03
PRECAUTIONARY LABELLING
BAKER SAF-T-DATA(TM) SYSTEM
HEALTH - 3 SEVERE (POISON)
FLAMMABILITY - 3 SEVERE (FLAMMABLE)
REACTIVITY - 1 SLIGHT
CONTACT - 1 SLIGHT
HAZARD RATINGS ARE 0 TO 4 (0 = NO HAZARD; 4 = EXTREME HAZARD).
LABORATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
GOGGLES & SHIELD; LAB COAT & APRON; VENT HOOD; PROPER GLOVES; CLASS B
EXTINGUISHER
PRECAUTIONARY LABEL STATEMENTS
POISON DANGER
FLAMMABLE - VAPOR HARMFUL
MAY BE FATAL OR CAUSE BLINDNESS IF SWALLOWED
CANNOT BE MADE NON-POISONOUS
CAUTION - POISON - CONTAINS METHYL ALCOHOL. NOT FOR INTERNAL OR
EXTERNAL USE.
KEEP AWAY FROM HEAT, SPARKS, FLAME. DO NOT GET IN EYES, ON SKIN, ON CLOTHING.
AVOID BREATHING VAPOR. KEEP IN TIGHTLY CLOSED CONTAINER. USE WITH ADEQUATE
VENTILATION. WASH THOROUGHLY AFTER HANDLING. IN CASE OF FIRE, USE WATER SPRAY,
ALCOHOL FOAM, DRY CHEMICAL, OR CARBON DIOXIDE. FLUSH SPILL AREA WITH WATER
SPRAY.
SAF-T-DATA(TM) STORAGE COLOR CODE: RED (FLAMMABLE)
2 - HAZARDOUS COMPONENTS
COMPONENT % CAS NO.
ETHYL ALCOHOL 90-100 64-17-5
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL >1 67-63-0
METHYL ALCOHOL >1 67-56-1
3 - PHYSICAL DATA
BOILING POINT: 78 C ( 172 F) VAPOR PRESSURE(MM HG): 44
MELTING POINT: -114 C ( -173 F) VAPOR DENSITY(AIR=1): 1.6
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 0.79 EVAPORATION RATE: 3.1
(H2O=1) (BUTYL ACETATE=1)
SOLUBILITY(H2O): COMPLETE (IN ALL PROPORTIONS) % VOLATILES BY VOLUME: 100
APPEARANCE & ODOR: CLEAR, COLORLESS LIQUID WITH A PLEASANT ODOR.
4 - FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA
FLASH POINT (CLOSED CUP: 13 C ( 55 F)
FLAMMABLE LIMITS: UPPER - 19.0 % LOWER - 3.3 %
FIRE EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
USE WATER SPRAY, ALCOHOL FOAM, DRY CHEMICAL OR CARBON DIOXIDE.
SPECIAL FIRE-FIGHTING PROCEDURES
FIREFIGHTERS SHOULD WEAR PROPER PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AND SELF-CONTAINED
BREATHING APPARATUS WITH FULL FACEPIECE OPERATED IN POSITIVE PRESSURE MODE.
MOVE CONTAINERS FROM FIRE AREA IF IT CAN BE DONE WITHOUT RISK. USE WATER
TO KEEP FIRE-EXPOSED CONTAINERS COOL.
UNUSUAL FIRE & EXPLOSION HAZARDS
VAPORS MAY FLOW ALONG SURFACES TO DISTANT IGNITION SOURCES AND FLASH BACK.
CLOSED CONTAINERS EXPOSED TO HEAT MAY EXPLODE. CONTACT WITH STRONG
OXIDIZERS MAY CAUSE FIRE.
TOXIC GASES PRODUCED
CARBON MONOXIDE, CARBON DIOXIDE
5 - HEALTH HAZARD DATA
TLV AND PEL ARE BASED ON ABSOLUTE ETHANOL. ETHYL ALCOHOL HAS BEEN LINKED
TO BIRTH DEFECTS AND CANCER IN HUMANS.
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE (TLV/TWA): 1900 MG/M3 ( 1000 PPM)
PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (PEL): 1900 MG/M3 ( 1000 PPM)
TOXICITY: LD50 (ORAL-RAT)(MG/KG) - 7060
LD50 (IPR-RAT)(MG/KG) - 4070
LD50 (IV-RAT) (MG/KG) - 1440
LC50 (INHAL-MOUSE) (G/M3) - 39
CARCINOGENICITY: NTP: NO IARC: NO Z LIST: NO OSHA REG: NO
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE
INHALATION OF VAPORS MAY CAUSE HEADACHE, NAUSEA, VOMITING, DIZZINESS,
DROWSINESS, IRRITATION OF RESPIRATORY TRACT, AND LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS.
CONTACT MAY CAUSE IRRITATION OF SKIN, EYES, AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES.
PROLONGED EXPOSURE MAY CAUSE DERMATITIS.
INGESTION MAY CAUSE BLINDNESS.
INGESTION MAY CAUSE NAUSEA, VOMITING, HEADACHES, DIZZINESS,
GASTROINTESTINAL IRRITATION.
INGESTION MAY CAUSE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSION.
TARGET ORGANS
NONE IDENTIFIED
MEDICAL CONDITIONS GENERALLY AGGRAVATED BY EXPOSURE
NONE IDENTIFIED
ROUTES OF ENTRY
INGESTION, INHALATION, SKIN CONTACT, EYE CONTACT
EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES
CALL A PHYSICIAN.
IF SWALLOWED, IF CONSCIOUS, GIVE LARGE AMOUNTS OF WATER. INDUCE VOMITING.
IF INHALED, REMOVE TO FRESH AIR. IF NOT BREATHING, GIVE ARTIFICIAL
RESPIRATION. IF BREATHING IS DIFFICULT, GIVE OXYGEN.
IN CASE OF CONTACT, IMMEDIATELY FLUSH EYES WITH PLENTY OF WATER FOR AT
LEAST 15 MINUTES. FLUSH SKIN WITH WATER.
6 - REACTIVITY DATA
STABILITY: STABLE HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION: WILL NOT OCCUR
CONDITIONS TO AVOID: HEAT, FLAME, OTHER SOURCES OF IGNITION,
SUNLIGHT AND ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT
INCOMPATIBLES: STRONG OXIDIZING AGENTS, ALUMINUM, ALKALI METALS,
ACETYL CHLORIDE
DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: CARBON MONOXIDE, CARBON DIOXIDE
7 - SPILL AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES
STEPS TO BE TAKEN IN THE EVENT OF A SPILL OR DISCHARGE
WEAR SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS AND FULL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING.
SHUT OFF IGNITION SOURCES; NO FLARES, SMOKING OR FLAMES IN AREA. STOP LEAK
IF YOU CAN DO SO WITHOUT RISK. USE WATER SPRAY TO REDUCE VAPORS. TAKE UP
WITH SAND OR OTHER NON-COMBUSTIBLE ABSORBENT MATERIAL AND PLACE INTO
CONTAINER FOR LATER DISPOSAL. FLUSH AREA WITH WATER.
J. T. BAKER SOLUSORB(R) SOLVENT ADSORBENT IS RECOMMENDED
FOR SPILLS OF THIS PRODUCT.
DISPOSAL PROCEDURE
DISPOSE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ALL APPLICABLE FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS.
EPA HAZARDOUS WASTE NUMBER: D001 (IGNITABLE WASTE)
8 - PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
VENTILATION: USE GENERAL OR LOCAL EXHAUST VENTILATION TO MEET
TLV REQUIREMENTS.
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION: NONE REQUIRED WHERE ADEQUATE VENTILATION
CONDITIONS EXIST. IF AIRBORNE CONCENTRATION IS
HIGH, A CHEMICAL CARTRIDGE RESPIRATOR WITH ORGANIC
VAPOR CARTRIDGE IS RECOMMENDED. IF CONCENTRATION
EXCEEDS CAPACITY OF CARTRIDGE RESPIRATOR, A SELF-
CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS IS ADVISED.
EYE/SKIN PROTECTION: SAFETY GOGGLES AND FACE SHIELD, UNIFORM,
PROTECTIVE SUIT, RUBBER GLOVES ARE RECOMMENDED.
9 - STORAGE AND HANDLING PRECAUTIONS
SAF-T-DATA(TM) STORAGE COLOR CODE: RED (FLAMMABLE)
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
BOND AND GROUND CONTAINERS WHEN TRANSFERRING LIQUID.
KEEP CONTAINER TIGHTLY CLOSED. STORE IN A COOL, DRY, WELL-VENTILATED,
FLAMMABLE LIQUID STORAGE AREA OR CABINET.
10 - TRANSPORTATION DATA AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DOMESTIC (D.O.T.)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME ETHYL ALCOHOL
HAZARD CLASS FLAMMABLE LIQUID
UN/NA UN1170
LABELS FLAMMABLE LIQUID
INTERNATIONAL (I.M.O.)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME ETHANOL
HAZARD CLASS 3.2
UN/NA UN1170
LABELS FLAMMABLE LIQUID
Some Chemical Terms (relating to harmful effects)
A carcinogen is a chemical known or believed to cause cancer in humans. The number of known carcinogens is comparatively small, but many more chemicals are suspected to be carcinogenic.
ED50: Effective dose - the amount of material required to produce a specified effect in 50% of an animal population. (See qualification in the definition of LD50).
LD50: is the dose of a chemical which kills 50% of a sample population. In full reporting, the dose, treatment and observation period should be given. Further, LD50 and ED50 values are strictly only comparable when the age, sex and nutritional state of the animals is specified. Nevertheless, LD50 values are widely reported as a measure of the potential toxicity of chemicals.
A mutagen is an agent that changes the hereditary genetic material which is a part of every living cell. Such a mutation is probably an early step in the sequence of events that ultimately leads to the development of cancer.
TLV (Threshold Limit Value) is the maximum permissible concentration of a material, generally expressed in parts per million in air for some defined period of time (often 8 hours). These values, which may differ from country to country, are often backed up by regulation and are therefore often legally enforceable.
Look at types of Abnormal Development that can occur during development.
Alternatively, look at normal development. Development Notes
For those wanting to see dynamic processes of development (and have a reasonably quick connection) then the Movies pages are good for watching changes occur.
The study of human development has relied extensively on studying the process in other model animals. For those wanting to see the process of development in other species then the other embryos pages are a good start.
Home Page
Embryo stages
Fetus
Dev Notes 1
Dev Notes 2
System Notes
Acknowledgements
Abnormal
Major System Abnormalities
Maternal Factors
MSDS Index
MSDS - Alcohol
Fetal Origins Hypothesis
Movies
Audio
Class Notes
Serial Images
K12 Students
Abnormal
Embryology in the News
Histology
Site Map
School of Med Sci
UNSW Medicine
University of NSW
UNSW Cell Biology
NCBI Books
Dev Biol (Gilbert)
Abnormalities in human development can be due to many different maternal factors, this page gives background information on the topic of alcohol.
Furthermore the Fetal Origins Hypothesis now suggests that uterine developmental effects, as sometimes indicated by low birth weight, can also have an impact on future health outcomes.
This chemical information is provided for educational use only and specific chemical data should be saught from manufacturers or suppliers of chemicals.
See also the Prenatal Diagnosis page NSW Pamphlet Checking your baby's health before birth.
Please email Dr Mark Hill if you wish to make a comment about this current project.