File:Implantation cartoon 01.jpg: Difference between revisions

Molecular Implantation Cartoon

This is a hybrid cartoon, based on mouse and human studies, portraying compartment- and cell-type–specific expression of molecules and their potential functions necessary for uterine receptivity, implantation and decidualization. Interplay of ovarian P4- and/or E2-dependent and P4- and/or E2-independent factors in the pregnant uterus in specific compartments contributes to the success of implantation in a juxtacrine/paracrine/autocrine manner. During attachment, interactions between the blastocyst and luminal epithelium (LE) involve ErbB1/4 (blue) and both transmembrane (TM) and soluble (Sol) forms of HB-EGF, as well as L-selectin ligands (sLE) expressed by the luminal epithelium to L-selectin receptors on the blastocyst. The other key signaling pathways for uterine receptivity and implantation are also shown.

Legend

• AA - arachidonic acid
• BMP2 - bone morphogenetic protein 2
• cPLA2α - cytosolic phospholipase A2α
• COUP-TFII - chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor-2
• Cox2 - cyclooxygenase-2
• E - estrogens
• EC - epithelial cell (luminal and glandular epithelia)
• ENaC - epithelium sodium channel
• ER - estrogen receptor
• ErbB1/4
• epidermal growth factor receptor 1/4
• ERK - extracellular signal–regulated kinase
• FGF - fibroblast growth factor
• GE - glandular epithelium
• gp130 - glycoprotein 130
• Hand2 - heart- and neural crest derivatives-expressed protein 2
• HB-EGF - heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor
• Hoxa10/11 - homeobox A10/11
• ICM - inner cell mass
• IHH - Indian hedgehog
• KLF5 - Kruppel-like factor 5
• LIF - leukemia inhibitory factor
• LIFR - LIF receptor
• LPA3 - lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3
• MSX1 - Muscle segment homeobox 1
• P4 - progesterone
• PG - prostaglandin
• PPAR-δ
• peroxisome proliferators–activating receptor δ
• PR - progesterone receptor
• Ptc - Patched
• RXR - retinoid X receptor
• SC - stromal cell
• SGK1 - serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1
• Smo - Smoothened
• STAT3 - signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
• Tr - trophectoderm
• Wnt4/5a - Wingless-Type MMTV integration site family members 4/5a.

Compartment colours

• blue - stroma
• pink - luminal epithelium
• orange - glandular epithelium
• purple - epithelium at the attachment site.

Reference

<pubmed>23223073</pubmed>| Nat Med

Copyright

Reprinted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Nature Medicine (Mechanisms of implantation: strategies for successful pregnancy. Cha J, Sun X, Dey SK. Nat Med. 2012 Dec;18(12):1754-67. doi: 10.1038/nm.3012. Review. PMID 23223073), copyright (2012)

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