Talk:Abnormal Development - Viral Infection: Difference between revisions
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==2012== | |||
===Ebola GP-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Protect Mice and Guinea Pigs from Lethal Ebola Virus Infection=== | |||
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012 Mar;6(3):e1575. Epub 2012 Mar 20. | |||
Qiu X, Fernando L, Melito PL, Audet J, Feldmann H, Kobinger G, Alimonti JB, Jones SM. | |||
Source | |||
Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. | |||
Abstract | |||
Ebola virus (EBOV) causes acute hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates with mortality rates up to 90%. So far there are no effective treatments available. This study evaluates the protective efficacy of 8 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against Ebola glycoprotein in mice and guinea pigs. Immunocompetent mice or guinea pigs were given MAbs i.p. in various doses individually or as pools of 3-4 MAbs to test their protection against a lethal challenge with mouse- or guinea pig-adapted EBOV. Each of the 8 MAbs (100 µg) protected mice from a lethal EBOV challenge when administered 1 day before or after challenge. Seven MAbs were effective 2 days post-infection (dpi), with 1 MAb demonstrating partial protection 3 dpi. In the guinea pigs each MAb showed partial protection at 1 dpi, however the mean time to death was significantly prolonged compared to the control group. Moreover, treatment with pools of 3-4 MAbs completely protected the majority of animals, while administration at 2-3 dpi achieved 50-100% protection. This data suggests that the MAbs generated are capable of protecting both animal species against lethal Ebola virus challenge. These results indicate that MAbs particularly when used as an oligoclonal set are a potential therapeutic for post-exposure treatment of EBOV infection. | |||
PMID 22448295 | |||
==2011== | ==2011== | ||
Revision as of 11:00, 28 March 2012
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Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, June 8) Embryology Abnormal Development - Viral Infection. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/Talk:Abnormal_Development_-_Viral_Infection |
2012
Ebola GP-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Protect Mice and Guinea Pigs from Lethal Ebola Virus Infection
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012 Mar;6(3):e1575. Epub 2012 Mar 20.
Qiu X, Fernando L, Melito PL, Audet J, Feldmann H, Kobinger G, Alimonti JB, Jones SM. Source Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) causes acute hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates with mortality rates up to 90%. So far there are no effective treatments available. This study evaluates the protective efficacy of 8 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against Ebola glycoprotein in mice and guinea pigs. Immunocompetent mice or guinea pigs were given MAbs i.p. in various doses individually or as pools of 3-4 MAbs to test their protection against a lethal challenge with mouse- or guinea pig-adapted EBOV. Each of the 8 MAbs (100 µg) protected mice from a lethal EBOV challenge when administered 1 day before or after challenge. Seven MAbs were effective 2 days post-infection (dpi), with 1 MAb demonstrating partial protection 3 dpi. In the guinea pigs each MAb showed partial protection at 1 dpi, however the mean time to death was significantly prolonged compared to the control group. Moreover, treatment with pools of 3-4 MAbs completely protected the majority of animals, while administration at 2-3 dpi achieved 50-100% protection. This data suggests that the MAbs generated are capable of protecting both animal species against lethal Ebola virus challenge. These results indicate that MAbs particularly when used as an oligoclonal set are a potential therapeutic for post-exposure treatment of EBOV infection. PMID 22448295
2011
ViralZone: a knowledge resource to understand virus diversity
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan;39(Database issue):D576-82. Epub 2010 Oct 14.
Hulo C, de Castro E, Masson P, Bougueleret L, Bairoch A, Xenarios I, Le Mercier P.Source Swiss-Prot group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Centre Médical Universitaire, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
Abstract
The molecular diversity of viruses complicates the interpretation of viral genomic and proteomic data. To make sense of viral gene functions, investigators must be familiar with the virus host range, replication cycle and virion structure. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive resource bridging together textbook knowledge with genomic and proteomic sequences. ViralZone web resource (www.expasy.org/viralzone/) provides fact sheets on all known virus families/genera with easy access to sequence data. A selection of reference strains (RefStrain) provides annotated standards to circumvent the exponential increase of virus sequences. Moreover ViralZone offers a complete set of detailed and accurate virion pictures.
PMID 20947564
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3013774
2010
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- eight HPV types 16, 18, 45, 33, 31, 52, 58, and 35 in descending order of frequency responsible for more than 90 percent of cervical cancer cases. (Lancet 2010)
- 118 different HPV types identified
- about 40 infect the genital tract
- 12 are known to be cancer-causing
- vaccine Cervarix (GSK) and Gardasil (Merck) protect against HPV types 16 and 18, and, through cross-protection, partially also against HPV types 31 and 45.
SEALS Factsheet
http://www.rcpaqap.com.au/serology/factsheets/fludetection.pdf
- Adenovirus - presence in the respiratory tract is often not accompanied by symptoms. The virus may be shed over long periods of time, so the association between isolation and clinical symptoms is not definitive. However it can cause severe respiratory illness, especially as local outbreaks.
- Coronavirus - Nasal discharge and malaise are typical, while a cough and sore throat are generally not prominent and there is no fever. The illness lasts about a week and is usually of no real consequence. Coronaviruses are difficult to grow in cultured cells and are therefore rarely recovered from specimens.
- Influenza virus - cause highly contagious respiratory disease, which typically result in yearly winter epidemics. Types A and B cause the same spectrum of disease although type A infections result in hospitalisation more often than type B does.
- Parainfluenza viruses - there are four parainfluenza virus types, only types 1, 2 and 3 are readily detected. All three viruses have distinct seasonal epidemiological patterns. Generally types 1 and 2 have an autumn epidemic peak while type 3 is endemic occurring sporadically throughout the year. Parainfluenza viruses are the most common cause of viral croup.
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) - infection is the principal cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. In adults it usually causes "common cold" like symptoms and the elderly are prone to pneumonia. RSV epidemics occur in the winter months and sporadically at other times. Infection usually lasts between 7-14 days.
- Rhinovirus - responsible for one third to one half of the "common colds" people suffer every year. There are a large number of serotypes, so vaccines do not prevent against infection. Laboratory confirmation can be difficult, and is generally not feasible. Infection usually remains localised to the upper respiratory tract and symptom resolution generally occurs within a week.
CDC Images
http://phil.cdc.gov/phil_images/20030425/14/PHIL_3646_lores.jpg
Histopathology of cytomegalovirus infection of brain
http://phil.cdc.gov/PHIL_Images/06011999/00021/09G0041_lores.jpg
ID#:1160 Description: Histopathology of cytomegalovirus infection of brain.
Histopathology of cytomegalovirus infection of brain capillary endothelial cell.
High Resolution: High resolution download is not available for this image
Content Providers(s):CDC/ Dr. HarasztiCreation Date:1964
Copyright Restrictions:None - This image is in the public domain and thus free of any copyright restrictions. As a matter of courtesy we request that the content provider be credited and notified in any public or private usage of this image.
Cytomegalovirus infection of cell in urine
http://phil.cdc.gov/PHIL_Images/06011999/00018/09G0038_lores.jpg
High Resolution: High resolution download is not available for this image
Content Providers(s):CDC/ Dr. HarasztiCreation Date:1964
Histopathology of cytomegalovirus infection of kidney
http://phil.cdc.gov/PHIL_Images/06011999/00016/09G0036_lores.jpg
Description: Histopathology of cytomegalovirus infection of kidney.
High Resolution:High resolution download is not available for this image
Content Providers(s):CDC/ Dr. Haraszti
Creation Date:1964
Active cytomegalovirus infection of lung in AIDS
http://phil.cdc.gov/PHIL_Images/958/958_lores.jpg
Description:Active cytomegalovirus infection of lung in AIDS.
Histopathology of lung shows cytomegalic pneumocyte containing characteristic intranuclear inclusion.
High Resolution:Right click here and select "Save Target As..." for hi-resolution image (6.52 MB)Content Providers(s):CDC/ Dr. Edwin P. Ewing, Jr.Creation Date:1982Copyright Restrictions:None - This image is in the public domain and thus free of any copyright restrictions. As a matter of courtesy we request that the content provider be credited and notified in any public or private usage of this image.
Measles and Germal Measles (Rubella)
German Measles
- get a blotchy red rash which comes and goes and usually disappears altogether after 2 days.
- sometimes suffer with a light cold prior to the rash appearing.
- dangerous for pregnant women who have no immunity to the virus.
- infection period is usually a week before the rash until a week after it has disappeared.
Measles
- a mild upper respitatory affect.
- get a rash of spots, very high temperature which can last up to 4 days, cough, severe conjunctivitis and possibly encephalitis.
- incubation period is 4 to 12 days
- can remain infectious for 3 to 5 weeks after rash
Measles structure - http://www.plospathogens.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.ppat.1002058
MMR Vaccine - http://www.merck.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/m/mmr_ii/mmr_ii_pi.pdf
Surveillance Guidelines for Measles, Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome in theWHO European Region - http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/79020/E93035.pdf
