Template:Radiation terms: Difference between revisions
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! Radiation Terms | |- | ||
! [[Abnormal Development - Radiation|Radiation Terms]] (expand to view) | |||
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| (based on Australian Standard - NOHSC:3022) | | (based on Australian Standard - NOHSC:3022) | ||
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* '''Absorbed dose ''' - the energy absorbed per unit mass by matter from ionizing radiation which impinges upon it. | * '''Absorbed dose ''' - the energy absorbed per unit mass by matter from ionizing radiation which impinges upon it. | ||
* '''Accident ''' - an unintended event which causes, or has the potential to cause, employees or members of the public to be exposed to radiation from which the individual doses or collective doses received do not lie within the range of variation which is acceptable for normal operation. An accident may result from human error, equipment failure or other mishap; it may require emergency action to save life or to safeguard health, property or the environment; it requires investigation of its causes and consequences and, possibly, corrective action within the program for control of radiation; and it may require remedial action to mitigate its consequences. | * '''Accident ''' - an unintended event which causes, or has the potential to cause, employees or members of the public to be exposed to radiation from which the individual doses or collective doses received do not lie within the range of variation which is acceptable for normal operation. An accident may result from human error, equipment failure or other mishap; it may require emergency action to save life or to safeguard health, property or the environment; it requires investigation of its causes and consequences and, possibly, corrective action within the program for control of radiation; and it may require remedial action to mitigate its consequences. | ||
* '''Action level''' - an intervention level applied to exposure to radiation; when a public exposure action level is consistently exceeded, remedial action to reduce exposure should be considered; when an occupational exposure action level is consistently exceeded within a practice, a program of radiation protection should apply to that practice. | * '''Action level''' - an intervention level applied to exposure to radiation; when a public exposure action level is consistently exceeded, remedial action to reduce exposure should be considered; when an occupational exposure action level is consistently exceeded within a practice, a program of radiation protection should apply to that practice. | ||
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* '''Radiation weighting factor''' - a factor which modifies absorbed dose in an organ or tissue to yield equivalent dose and which is determined by the type and energy of the radiation to which the organ or tissue is exposed. | * '''Radiation weighting factor''' - a factor which modifies absorbed dose in an organ or tissue to yield equivalent dose and which is determined by the type and energy of the radiation to which the organ or tissue is exposed. | ||
* '''Radioactive decay''' - the spontaneous transformation of the nucleus of an atom into another state, accompanied by the emission of radiation; for a quantity of such atoms, the expectation value of the number of atoms present decreases exponentially with time. | * '''Radioactive decay''' - the spontaneous transformation of the nucleus of an atom into another state, accompanied by the emission of radiation; for a quantity of such atoms, the expectation value of the number of atoms present decreases exponentially with time. | ||
* '''Radioactive material ''' - material which spontaneously emits ionizing radiation as a consequence of radioactive decay. | * '''Radioactive material ''' - material which spontaneously emits ionizing radiation as a consequence of radioactive decay. | ||
* '''Radionuclide''' - a species of atomic nucleus which undergoes radioactive decay. | * '''Radionuclide''' - a species of atomic nucleus which undergoes radioactive decay. | ||
* '''Radon''' - used generically, all isotopes of the element radon, having atomic number 86, but typically used to refer to the radioactive gas radon-222. | * '''Radon''' - used generically, all isotopes of the element radon, having atomic number 86, but typically used to refer to the radioactive gas radon-222. | ||
* '''Radon progeny''' - the short-lived products of the radioactive decay of radon, namely polonium-218, lead-214, bismuth-214, and polonium-214. | * '''Radon progeny''' - the short-lived products of the radioactive decay of radon, namely polonium-218, lead-214, bismuth-214, and polonium-214. | ||
* '''Risk constraint''' - a restriction applied to potential exposure (see dose constraint). | * '''Risk constraint''' - a restriction applied to potential exposure (see dose constraint). | ||
* '''Specific activity''' - the activity of a radionuclide per unit mass of the element, or the activity of a radioactive material per unit mass of that material. | * '''Specific activity''' - the activity of a radionuclide per unit mass of the element, or the activity of a radioactive material per unit mass of that material. | ||
* '''Stochastic effect''' - an effect known to occur sometimes as a consequence of exposure to radiation, but which may or may not be expressed in a particular exposed person, the likelihood of the effect occurring being a function of the dose received. | |||
* '''Stochastic effect''' - an effect known to occur sometimes as a consequence of exposure to radiation, but which may or may not be expressed in a particular exposed person, the likelihood of the effect occurring being a function of the dose received. | |||
* '''Supervised area''' - an area in which working conditions are kept under review but in which special procedures to control exposure to radiation are not normally necessary. | * '''Supervised area''' - an area in which working conditions are kept under review but in which special procedures to control exposure to radiation are not normally necessary. | ||
* '''System of radiation protection''' - a generic process of radiation risk management designed to limit the health risks arising from exposure to radiation to acceptable levels in a manner which takes economic and social considerations into account. | * '''System of radiation protection''' - a generic process of radiation risk management designed to limit the health risks arising from exposure to radiation to acceptable levels in a manner which takes economic and social considerations into account. | ||
* '''Thoron''' - the radioactive gas radon-220. | * '''Thoron''' - the radioactive gas radon-220. | ||
* '''Thoron progeny''' - the short-lived products of the radioactive decay of thoron, namely polonium-216, lead-212, bismuth-212, polonium-212, and thallium-208. | * '''Thoron progeny''' - the short-lived products of the radioactive decay of thoron, namely polonium-216, lead-212, bismuth-212, polonium-212, and thallium-208. | ||
* '''Tissue weighting factor ''' - a factor which modifies equivalent dose in an organ or tissue to yield effective dose and which is the partial contribution from the organ or tissue to the total detriment resulting from uniform irradiation of the whole body. | * '''Tissue weighting factor ''' - a factor which modifies equivalent dose in an organ or tissue to yield effective dose and which is the partial contribution from the organ or tissue to the total detriment resulting from uniform irradiation of the whole body. | ||
* '''X-ray''' - ionizing electromagnetic radiation emitted during the transition of an atomic electron to a lower energy state or during the rapid deceleration of a charged particle. | * '''X-ray''' - ionizing electromagnetic radiation emitted during the transition of an atomic electron to a lower energy state or during the rapid deceleration of a charged particle. | ||
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Latest revision as of 14:07, 13 May 2018
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