File:Menstrual cycle.png

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Human Menstrual Cycle Hormonal Overview

Diagram showing hormonal changes during the "typical" human menstrual cycle.

There is great variability in human menstrual cycle length and progesterone and estrogen hormone levels.
There can also be cycle, age, genetic and pathology dependent changes in hormone levels.

Legend

GnRH - gonadotrophin releasing hormone (from hypothalamus, a 10 amino acid peptide hormone)
FSH - follicle stimulating hormone (from anterior pituitary, a glycoprotein hormone)
LH - leutenizing hormone (from anterior pituitary, a glycoprotein hormone)

Cycle days are numbered (-14 to +14) with respect to peak (0) of mid-cycle leutenizing hormone surge.
Cycle days are often numbered (1 to 28) from the first day (1) of menses.
Gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) is released from about 1000 neurons within the hypothalamus in a pulsatile manner.
Leutenizing hormone (LH) increases mid-cycle driving ovulation.
Ovulation occurs during this mid-cycle LH surge.
Not shown are the Inhibin A and Inhibin B levels.
New figure version is more accurate for body temperature and estrogen changes.
Even more smoothed hormonal curves are often shown in simplified diagrams.

The pituitary and ovarian hormone curves are based upon Greenspan's Endocrinology, where the actual levels have been measured.
The body temperature curve is based upon Sex differences and reproductive hormone influences on human odor perception. Doty RL, Cameron EL. Physiol Behav. 2009 May 25;97(2):213-28. Epub 2009 Mar 9. Review. Erratum in: Physiol Behav. 2009 Oct 19;98(4):517. PMID 19272398
HPG Axis based upon NIAAA Alcohol’s Effects on Female Reproductive Function, Mary Ann Emanuele, M.D., Frederick Wezeman, Ph.D., and Nicholas V. Emanuele, M.D. Figure 1
Uterus changes cropped from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MenstrualCycle2_en.svg

Cite this page: Hill, M.A. (2024, April 25) Embryology Menstrual cycle.png. Retrieved from https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/File:Menstrual_cycle.png

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	Date/Time	Thumbnail	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	12:21, 20 May 2011		1,000 × 750 (122 KB)	S8600021 (talk \| contribs)
	09:16, 9 April 2010		1,000 × 977 (186 KB)	S8600021 (talk \| contribs)	Human Menstrual Cycle Original File Name: 1000px-MenstrualCycle2_en.svg.png Image Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MenstrualCycle2_en.svg Category: Menstrual Cycle Category:Reproductive Cycle Category:Cartoon Category:Graph

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