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UNSW Embryology

Bat - Stages

© Dr Mark Hill (2008)

Acknowledgements

Introduction

This page has images of the bat (chiroptera) stages of embryonic development from Stage 10 to 24. Below this is a table of key features of development at each stage.

Page Links: Introduction | Bat Stage 10 to 13 | Bat Stage 12 to 17 | Bat Stage 18 to 24 | Development Overview | WWW Links | References | Glossary

Bat Stage 10 to 13

 

(Image: Creteko & Behringer)

 

Stage

Key features

Somites

Age
(dpc)

Crown-rump length
(mm)

12

Forelimb buds form; tail bud forms; caudal neuropore closes; 3 pharyngeal arches.

21-29

40

3.4
(+/- 0.42)

 

Bat Stage 12 to 17

BatStg12to17

 

(Image: Creteko & Behringer)

 

Stage

Key features

Age
(dpc)

(Somites)

Crown-rump length
(mm)

12

Forelimb buds form; tail bud forms; caudal neuropore closes; 3 pharyngeal arches.

40 (21-29)

3.4
(+/- 0.42)

14

Retinal pigment; nasal pits; end of somitogenesis; propatagium and plagiopatagium primordia; hindlimb AER.

44 (36-40)

5.35
(+/- 0.24)

15

Hand plate and footplate form; lens vesicle; auditory hillocks; premaxillary centers.

46

7.45
(+/- 0.92)

16

Nose-leaf primordium; pinna and tragus form; forelimb digital condensations, uropatagium primordium.

50

8.66
(+/- 1.05)

17

Tongue protruding; cervical flexure straightens; hindlimb interdigit tissue receding; eyes begin to close.

54

9.15
(+/- 1.34)

 

Bat Stage 18 to 24

BatStg18to24

 

(Image: Creteko & Behringer)

 

Stage

Key features

Age
(dpc)

Crown-rump length
(mm)

18

Free thumb; head and body smoother, rounder; eyes half-closed; postaxial flexure at wrist; calcar.

60

12.35
(+/- 1.16)

20

Distal forelimbs overlap over face; head larger; eyelids cover pigmented retina; claw primordia form.

70

16.35
(+/- 1.06)

22

Prominent, triangular nose-leaf; eyelids reopening; wing membranes corrugated; claws pigmented, hooked.

80

20.02
(+/- 0.26)

24

Fetal period commences; eyes completely open; face and nose-leaf pigmenting.

90

21.13
(+/- 0.06)

 

Development Overview

The developmental stages overview shown below is based upon Carollia perspicillata the short-tailed fruit bat (table modified from Cretekos etal, 2005).

Embryonic Bat Stages

Stage

Key features

Somites

Age
(dpc)

Uterus diameter
(mm)

Crown-rump length
(mm)

Mass
(mg)

12

Forelimb buds form; tail bud forms; caudal neuropore closes; 3 pharyngeal arches.

21-29

40

5.75
(+/- 0.64)

3.4
(+/- 0.42)

4.3
(+/- 1.7)

14

Retinal pigment; nasal pits; end of somitogenesis; propatagium and plagiopatagium primordia; hindlimb AER.

36-40

44

6.95
(+/- 0.44)

5.35
(+/- 0.24)

24.6
(+/- 3.6)

15

Hand plate and footplate form; lens vesicle; auditory hillocks; premaxillary centers.

46

8.65
(+/- 1.20)

7.45
(+/- 0.92)

56
(+/- 13)

16

Nose-leaf primordium; pinna and tragus form; forelimb digital condensations, uropatagium primordium.

50

12.06
(+/- 1.45)

8.66
(+/- 1.05)

110
(+/- 30)

17

Tongue protruding; cervical flexure straightens; hindlimb interdigit tissue receding; eyes begin to close.

54

13.45
(+/- 1.34)

9.15
(+/- 1.34)

114
(+/- 45)

18

Free thumb; head and body smoother, rounder; eyes half-closed; postaxial flexure at wrist; calcar.

60

16.32
(+/- 0.98)

12.35
(+/- 1.16)

278
(+/- 83)

20

Distal forelimbs overlap over face; head larger; eyelids cover pigmented retina; claw primordia form.

70

20.0
(+/- 3.54)

16.35
(+/- 1.06)

617
(+/- 156)

22

Prominent, triangular nose-leaf; eyelids reopening; wing membranes corrugated; claws pigmented, hooked.

80

23.03
(+/- 2.68)

20.02
(+/- 0.26)

1527
(+/- 208)

24

Fetal period commences; eyes completely open; face and nose-leaf pigmenting.

90

23.53
(+/- 0.64)

21.13
(+/- 0.06)

2097
(+/- 199)

(Values are mean n= 2-6, +/- standard deviation, original table contains more detailed data)

WWW Links

University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology Animal Diversity - Order Chiroptera

The University of Texas, Department of Molecular Genetics Richard R. Behringer Lab

Developmental Dynamics Poster of Bat Development

The University Queensland, Vision Touch and Hearing Research Centre, Prof Jack Pettigrew | Megabat | Molecular Phylogeny of Bats in Disarray

Bat Societies: Bat Conservation International | Australasian Bat Society

Note: The dynamic nature of the web means that some Links over time change, it the above links no longer function search the web using the first bold term.

References

Links: Journals | Online Textbooks | Search Textbooks | PubMed | Search PubMed | Glossary

PubMed

Reviews

Articles

Search PubMed

Search Jan2006 "Chiroptera development" 303 reference articles of which 20 were reviews.

Search PubMed: term=Chiroptera+development

Glossary of Terms

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Quick Links

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