Nutritional role in development is also covered in Abormal Development - Nutrition and Abnormal Development - Folic Acid notes.
Page Links: Introduction | Some Recent Findings | Vitamin A | Vitamin E | Australian NHMRC Recommendations | WWW Links | References | Glossary
Gogia S, Sachdev HS. Neonatal vitamin A supplementation for prevention of mortality and morbidity in infancy: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2009 Mar 27;338:b919. PMID: 19329516
"There is no convincing evidence of a reduced risk of mortality and possibly morbidity or of increased early adverse effects after neonatal supplementation with vitamin A. There is thus no justification for initiating such supplementation as a public health intervention in developing countries for reducing infant mortality and morbidity."
Prenatal - Note that isotretinoin (commercial name: Accutane, by Roche), was a treatment for severe acne, and has been identified as a teratogen for prenatal development. This retinoid is derived from vitamin A metabolism. Retinoids have imortant roles in embryonic development. (More? Abnormal Development - Drugs)
Postnatal - This study looked at the potential benefits of postnatal dietry supplementation with vitamin A from a public health perspective, and found none.
Gogia S, Sachdev HS. Neonatal vitamin A supplementation for prevention of mortality and morbidity in infancy: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2009 Mar 27;338:b919. PMID: 19329516
"There is no convincing evidence of a reduced risk of mortality and possibly morbidity or of increased early adverse effects after neonatal supplementation with vitamin A. There is thus no justification for initiating such supplementation as a public health intervention in developing countries for reducing infant mortality and morbidity."
Jishage KI, Tachibe T, Ito T, Shibata N, Suzuki S, Mori T, Hani T, Arai H, Suzuki H. Vitamin E Is Essential for Mouse Placentation but not for Embryonic Development Itself. Biol Reprod. 2005 Jul 13 "Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) was discovered 80 years ago as an indispensable nutrient for reproduction in the female. However, it has not been clarified when or where vitamin E is required during pregnancy."
The Australian NHMRC (1988) recommends neonates be assessed for follow-up care under the following conditions.
(see the NHMRC WWW Page)
Links: Reviews | Articles | Online Textbooks | Search Textbooks | Search PubMed | Glossary
Donders GG. Management of genital infections in pregnant women. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2006 Feb;19(1):55-61.
Giuliani MM, Adu-Bobie J, Comanducci M, Arico B, Savino S, Santini L, Brunelli B, Bambini S, Biolchi A, Capecchi B, Cartocci E, Ciucchi L, Di Marcello F, Ferlicca F, Galli B, Luzzi E, Masignani V, Serruto D, Veggi D, Contorni M, Morandi M, Bartalesi A, Cinotti V, Mannucci D, Titta F, Ovidi E, Welsch JA, Granoff D, Rappuoli R, Pizza M. A universal vaccine for serogroup B meningococcus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jul 6; [Epub ahead of print]
Search PubMed
Search Jan2007 "nutrition and abnormal embryonic development" 92 reference articles of which 20 were reviews.
Search PubMed: term = nutrition and abnormal embryonic development
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Alcohol "Fetal Alcohol Syndrome"
Trauma
These links require online access to Merck Manuals on Women's Health Issues. http://www.merck.com/mrkshared/mmanual_home2/sec22/sec22.jsp
Risk Factors Present Before Pregnancy
Risk Factors That Develop During Pregnancy
Diseases that complicate Pregnancy
Problems Affecting the Fetus or Newborn
Mitral Valve Prolapse
High Blood Pressure
Anemias
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Infectious Disease
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Thyroid
Liver
Asthma
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Myasthenia Gravis
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
>Surgery During Pregnancy
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
Malnutrition
Infection
Trauma
see also Normal Childhood Development
You should look at normal development of the effected systems in the embryo. Development Notes
Alternatively, go on to look at Systematic Development of organs and tissues.
For those wanting to see dynamic processes of development (and have a reasonably quick connection) then the Movies pages are good for watching changes occur.
The study of human development has relied extensively on studying the process in other model animals. For those wanting to see the process of development in other species then the other embryos pages are a good start.
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Abnormal Development
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Information on this page is provided for Educational Purposes Only.
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