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UNSW Embryology

Foundations - Lecture - Intro to Human Development

© Dr Mark Hill (2008)

Acknowledgements

Introduction

Human development is one of the most exciting topics to study not only as a medical student, but also for our fundamental understanding of the human body.


Human development (not to scale)

Page Links: Aim | Concepts | Lecture Content | Notes | External Online Resources | Bookshelf | Glossary |

Aim

  1. Purpose of learning embryology
  2. Basic facts about early human development
  3. Appreciate differences between
  4. General understanding of the term “critical periods” of development

Concepts

Human Embryonic Development Overview Movie

The first 8 weeks of Human Development

Background Lectures

Cell Structure (structure and function)

Cell Division (mitosis, meiosis, lifespan, cell death)

4 Basic Tissues (Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous)

Lecture Content Links

Background Reading Textbooks | Human Embryology Movies

Gonads and Germ Cells Human Menstrual Cycle | Week 1 | Oogenesis | Spermatogenesis |

Pregnancy Test

Fertilization Week 1 - Fertilization | In Vivo Fertilization | In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) | Pregnancy Test | Week 1 and 2 Overview |

Implantation

Implantation Human Embryology Movies | Week 2 Movies |

mesoderm 1

Germ Layers Week 3 - Gastrulation | Week 3 Movies | Germ Layers Overview |

Embryo Stages Carnegie Stages (week 1 to 8) Week 4 - Heart | Human (7 weeks) Ultrasound |

Embryo Fetal actual size comparison

Fetus Fetal Development (week 9 to 36) | Development Week by Week

placental membranes

Development Support Placenta

Critical Periods

Developmental Defects Abnormal Development | Ultrasound Movies | Critical Periods

Notes

Don't confuse "germ cell layers" (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm) with "germ cells" (egg, spermatazoa).

Remember the difference between "clinical weeks" (last menstral period) and "embryonic weeks" (from fertilization, 2 weeks later).

Revise meiosis and the difference between mechanism and timecourse for oogenesis and spermatogenesis in generating haploid gametes.

With abnormalities, think about the types of prenatal dianostic techniques that are now available, the 2 major types (genetic and environmental) and the effect of maternal age/lifestyle.

Online Resources

UNSW Embryology

Embryo stages | Fetal Dev | Dev Notes 1 | Dev Notes 2 | System Notes | Timeline of Human Dev

External Online Resources

Sadler Image Bank: Human Menstrual Cycle | Week 1 and 2 | Conceptus Implantation | Gastrulation | Germ Cell Layers |

Embryo Images: Embryo Images Online | Early Cell Populations and Establishment of Body Form | Germ Layers and Initial Gastrulation (Week 3) | Form Changes (Week 3)

NCBI Bookshelf

Molecular Biology of the Cell (4th ed.) Alberts, Bruce; Johnson, Alexander; Lewis, Julian; Raff, Martin; Roberts, Keith; Walter, Peter New York and London: Garland Science; c2002 Fertilization | Human fertilization | Mammalian Development | The early stages of mouse development |

Developmental Biology (6th ed.) Gilbert, Scott F. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates, Inc.; c2000. Snapshot Summary: Fertilization | Nuclear events in the fertilization | Development of a human embryo from fertilization to implantation | Implantation of the mammalian blastocyst into the uterus | Some agents thought to cause disruptions in human fetal development |

The Cell - A Molecular Approach (2nd ed.) Cooper, Geoffrey M. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates, Inc; c2000. Fertilization and Meiosis | Fertilization and completion of meiosis |

Clinical Methods (3rd ed.) Walker, H.K.; Hall, W.D.; Hurst, J.W.; editors Stoneham (MA): Butterworth Publishers; c1990 A 28-day menstrual cycle | Birth Control | First-year Failure Rates of Birth Control Methods |

Eurekah Bioscience Collection Chapters taken from the Eurekah Bioscience database. Eurekah.com and Landes Bioscience; 2003. Preimplantation embryo development | Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis: Screening for Aneuploidy in Human Oocytes and Polar Bodies | Cytogenetics of Human Sperm |

Biochemistry Berg, Jeremy M.; Tymoczko, John L.; and Stryer, Lubert. New York: W. H. Freeman and Co.; 2002. Pathways for the Formation for Androgens and Estrogens |

Next

Link to the Practical 15 - Introduction to Embryology (16 18 Apr G2/G4 Wallace Wurth)

Glossary of Terms

Use the alphabetical list below to find definitions of terms that are new to you.

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UNSW Embryology

Quick Movie Links

Movie of Human Embryo Growth (this shows a human embryo growing, all images are to scale)

Movie of Mouse Embryo Growth (this shows a mouse embryo growing)

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UNSW Embryology ISBN: 978 0 7334 2609 4

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